Male cross nephew-niece, female cross nephew-niece

Separate terms for FaFa, FaMo, MoFa, MoMo

Google: The Bison Horn Maria of India (But Hill Maria uncertain)
Levinson v3p298 reborn as Toda or (Toda) Buffalo
Google:Many Brahmans certain of Reincarnation others not (Morton Klass From Field to Factory: Community Structure and Industrialization in West Bengal)
Burling Google: Meghalaya District Gazetteer: Garo Hills district - Page 35
Schebesta Google: Orang Asli: the aboriginal tribes of peninsular Malaysia - Page 91
Levinson v5p114 Javanese Hinduism/Islam in contention
Rosenblatt / Obesekere 2002 p335 Kharmic Buddhist/Hindu (90% classical) and local Traditional
Google: Orokaiva Magic by F. E. Williams - Jstor (discrepancy with  previous coding)
Olivier 1955: 176, 50,50fn 532Ghost is reborn
Levinson v5p148 Buddhism/Confucianism in contention (50%)
Mills & Slobodin p83 // rebirth humans/animals, bad people reborn as animals; Obesekere 2002
Mills & Slobodin p33 (Animal Reincarnation)
Mills & Slobodin p37,215,239 "Reincarnation with Ceremonial bestowal of names"
RosenblattMills & Slobodinp4-5,8-9,19-20,24,26,38-54  (fades w Jesuits)

specific ethnographic focus for each society
Agriculture- Contribution to Local Food Supply
Animal Husbandry- Contribution to Food Supply
Land Transport (Especially regarding Food Transport)
Food Supply (Ecological or Distribution Network)
Ceremonialism Surrounding Child, beyond Nuclear Family
Magical Protectiveness Applied to Parents and Child
Physical Protectiveness against Childhood Illness
Introduction of New Foods (Other than Milk) in Childhood
Motor Skills- Encouragement in Childhood
Elimination- Encouragement of Control in Childhood
Weaning- Childhood Developmental Order of Onset
Motor Skills- Childhood Developmental Order
Elimination Control- Childhood Developmental Order
Covering Genitals- Childhood Developmental Order
Principal Relationships, Infancy Caretakers and Companions
Principal Relationships, Early Childhood Caretakers and Companions
General Indulgence, Infancy (Taking 51 and 52 into Account)
General Indulgence, Infancy- Modifiers of General Scale Types
General Indulgence, Early Childhood (Taking 51 and 52 into Account)
General Indulgence, Early Childhood- Modifiers of General Scale Types
Population Density (from Murdock and Wilson Data)
Descent - Membership in Corporate Kinship Groups
Descent Groups, Location of Core Gender Group
Political Power- Second Most Important Source
Political Power- Third Most Important Source
Political Power- Fourth Most Important Source
Political Power- Fifth Most Important Source
Political Power- Sixth Most Important Source
Food Collection: Vegetal (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Insects, and/or Small Land Fauna (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Shellfish/Small Aquatic Fauna (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Honey (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Fowling (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Fishing (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Trapping (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Large Land Fauna (sexual division of labor)
Food Collection: Large Aquatic Fauna (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Land Clearance (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Soil Preparation (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Planting (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Crop Tending (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Harvesting (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Small Domestic Animals (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Large Domestic Animals (sexual division of labor)
Food Production: Milking (sexual division of labor)
Food Preparation: Vegetal: Food Preparation (sexual division of labor)
Food Preparation: Butchering (sexual division of labor)
Food Preparation: Preservation (sexual division of labor)
Food Preparation: Drinks (sexual division of labor)
Food Preparation: Dairy (sexual division of labor)
Food Preparation: Cooking (sexual division of labor)
Extractive Industries: Mining/Quarrying (sexual division of labor)
Extractive Industries: Fuel Gathering (sexual division of labor)
Extractive Industries: Lumbering (sexual division of labor)
Extractive Industries: Water Fetching (sexual division of labor)
Intermediate Processing: Skins (sexual division of labor)
Intermediate Processing: Spinning (sexual division of labor)
Intermediate Processing: Loom Weaving (sexual division of labor)
Intermediate Processing: Smelting (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Matmaking (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Netmaking (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Basketmaking (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Rope or Cordage (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Leather (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Clothing (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Pottery (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Wood (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Bone (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Stone (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Metal (sexual division of labor)
Manufacturing: Musical Instruments (sexual division of labor)
Miscellaneous: Fire (sexual division of labor)
Miscellaneous: Laundering (sexual division of labor)
Miscellaneous: Bodily Mutilation (sexual division of labor)
Miscellaneous: Bonesetting/Surgery (sexual division of labor)
Miscellaneous: Burden Carrying (sexual division of labor)
Miscellaneous: Boatbuilding (sexual division of labor)
Miscellaneous: Housebuilding (sexual division of labor)
Latitude Hemisphere (for Weather Stations)
Longitude Hemisphere (for Weather Stations)
Highest Precipitation in Wettest Month (mm)
Lowest Precipitation in Dryest Month (mm)
Dependence on Animal Husbandry (Atlas 4)
Composition of Domestic Group (Atlas 9 Combined)
Marital Composition within Extended Families (Atlas 9 Combined)
Marital Residence with Kin: First Years (Atlas 10 Combined)
Transfer of Residence at Marriage: First Years (Atlas 10 Combined)
Marital Residence with Kin: after First Years (Atlas 12) (Atlas 11) -> (Atlas 12)
Transfer of Residence at Marriage: after First Years (Atlas 11) (Atlas 12) -> (Atlas 11)
Transfer of Residence at Marriage: Alternate Form (Atlas 13)
Community Marriage Organization (Atlas 15)
Community Marriage Organization (Alternate) (Atlas 16)
Largest Patrilineal Kin Group (Atlas 17)
Largest Patrilineal Exogamous Group (If Different)
Largest Matrilineal Exogamous Group (If Different)
Secondary Cognatic Kin Group: Where Both Kindreds and Ramages
Subtypes of Cousin Marriages (Preferred)
Jurisdictional Hierarchy beyond Local Community
Descent: Major Type (from Variables 121-126)
Age or Occupational Specialization in Metal Working
Age or Occupational Specialization in Weaving
Age or Occupational Specialization in Leather Working
Age or Occupational Specialization in Pottery Making
Age or Occupational Specialization in Boat Building
Age or Occupational Specialization in House Construction
Age or Occupational Specialization in Gathering
Age or Occupational Specialization in Hunting
Age or Occupational Specialization in Fishing
Age or Occupational Specialization in Animal Husbandry
Murdock's Language Code: Revised in a Later Issue; No Codes Here
Succession to Office of Local Headman, Breakdown of Hereditary Succession
Inheritance of Real Property (Land) : Rule or Practice for Inheritance
Inheritance of Movable Property: Rule or Practice for Inheritance
Inheritance of Real Property: Distribution of Inheritance among Individuals of Same Category
Inheritance of Movable Property: Distribution of Inheritance among Individuals of Same Category
Norms of Premarital Sex Behavior of Girls
Importance of Non-family Companions: Early Boy
Importance of Non-family Companions: Early Girl
Importance of Non-family Companions: Late Boy
Importance of Non-family Companions: Late Girl
Importance of Non-parent in Residence: Early Boy
Importance of Non-parent in Residence: Early Girl
Importance of Non-parent in Residence: Late Boy
Importance of Non-parent in Residence: Late Girl
Principal Category of Non-parental Agent: Early Boy
Principal Category of Non-parental Agent: Early Girl
Principal Category of Non-parental Agent: Late Boy
Principal Category of Non-parental Agent: Late Girl
Sex of Non-parents in Residence: Early Boy
Sex of Non-parents in Residence: Early Girl
Sex of Non-parents in Residence: Late Boy
Sex of Non-parents in Residence: Late Girl
Non-parental Involvement in Child Caring: Early Boy
Non-parental Involvement in Child Caring: Early Girl
Non-parental Involvement in Child Caring: Late Boy
Non-parental Involvement in Child Caring: Late Girl
Principal Category of Non-parental Caretaker: Early Boy
Principal Category of Non-parental Caretaker: Early Girl
Principal Category of Non-parental Caretaker: Late Boy
Principal Category of Non-parental Caretaker: Late Girl
Sex of Principal Non-parental Caretakers: Early Boy
Sex of Principal Non-parental Caretakers: Early Girl
Sex of Principal Non-parental Caretakers: Late Boy
Sex of Principal Non-parental Caretakers: Late Girl
Non-parental Involvement in Authority: Early Boy
Non-parental Involvement in Authority: Early Girl
Non-parental Involvement in Authority: Late Boy
Non-parental Involvement in Authority: Late Girl
Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Early Boy
Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Early Girl
Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Late Boy
Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Late Girl
Sex of Parental Authority Figures: Early Boy
Sex of Parental Authority Figures: Early Girl
Sex of Parental Authority Figures: Late Boy
Sex of Parental Authority Figures: Late Girl
Sex of Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Early Boy
Sex of Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Early Girl
Sex of Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Late Boy
Sex of Principal Non-parental Authority Figures: Late Girl
Non-parental Involvement in Discipline: Early Boy
Non-parental Involvement in Discipline: Early Girl
Non-parental Involvement in Discipline: Late Boy
Non-parental Involvement in Discipline: Late Girl
Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Early Boy
Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Early Girl
Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Late Boy
Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Late Girl
Sex of Parental Disciplinarians: Early Boy
Sex of Parental Disciplinarians: Early Girl
Sex of Parental Disciplinarians: Late Boy
Sex of Parental Disciplinarians: Late Girl
Sex of Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Early Boys
Sex of Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Early Girls
Sex of Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Late Boys
Sex of Principal Non-parental Disciplinarians: Late Girls
Non-parental Involvement in Education: Early Boys
Non-parental Involvement in Education: Early Girls
Non-parental Involvement in Education: Late Boys
Non-parental Involvement in Education: Late Girls
Principal Category of Non-parental Educators: Early Boys
Principal Category of Non-parental Educators: Early Girls
Principal Category of Non-parental Educators: Late Boys
Principal Category of Non-parental Educators: Late Girls
Sex of Principal Non-parental Educators: Early Boys
Sex of Principal Non-parental Educators: Early Girls
Sex of Principal Non-parental Educators: Late Boys
Sex of Principal Non-parental Educators: Late Girls
Guidance or Formal Schooling: Early Boys
Guidance or Formal Schooling: Early Girls
Guidance or Formal Schooling: Late Girls
Gifts for Approved Behaviors: Early Boys
Gifts for Approved Behaviors: Early Girls
Gifts for Approved Behaviors: Late Girls
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Mother: Boy
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Mother: Girl
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Mother: Aver
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Father: Boy
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Father: Girl
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Father: Aver
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Others: Boy
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Others: Girl
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Others: Aver
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Overall: Boy
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Overall: Girl
Warmth and Affection of Caretakers - Overall: Aver
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Mother: Boy
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Mother: Girl
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Mother: Aver
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Father: Boy
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Father: Girl
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Father: Aver
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Others: Boy
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Others: Girl
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Others: Aver
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Overall: Boy
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Overall: Girl
Hostility and Aggression of Caretakers - Overall: Aver
Indifference of Caretakers - Mother: Boy
Indifference of Caretakers - Mother: Girl
Indifference of Caretakers - Mother: Aver
Indifference of Caretakers - Father: Boy
Indifference of Caretakers - Father: Girl
Indifference of Caretakers - Father: Aver
Indifference of Caretakers - Others: Boy
Indifference of Caretakers - Others: Girl
Indifference of Caretakers - Others: Aver
Indifference of Caretakers - Overall: Boy
Indifference of Caretakers - Overall: Girl
Indifference of Caretakers - Overall: Aver
Primary Cognitive or Performance Components: Boys
Primary Cognitive or Performance Components: Girls
Secondary Cognitive or Performance Components: Boys
Secondary Cognitive or Performance Components: Girls
Achieved Leadership through Wealth Distribution
Sex of Gods and Spirits and Other Super-natural Beings
Participation in Collective Religious Ceremonies and Rituals
Leadership Posts in Kinship or Extended Family Units
Participation in Collective Fighting and Warfare
Proportional Contribution of Women to Overall Subsistence
Relative Time and Effort Expended on Subsistence Activities
Community-wide Exclusively Male Work Groups
Community-wide Exclusively Female Work Groups
Degree of Segregation in Subsistence Activities
Inheritance of Property of Some Economic Value
Ownership or Control of the Use of Dwellings
Control of Disposal and Use of Fruits of the Labor Done Solely by Men
Control of Disposal and Use of Fruits of the Labor Done by Men and Women
Control of Disposal and Use of Fruits of the Labor Done Solely by Women
(No) Double Standard in Regard to Premarital Sex
(No) Double Standard in Regard to Extramarital Sex
The Role of Men and Women in Procreation Understood
(No) Explicit View That Sexual Activity Is Dangerous or Contaminating
Role of the Older Generation in Arranging Marriages (1st Marriages Only)
Voice of the Potential Bride and Groom in Marriage Decisions
Relative Distances Moved by the Bride and Groom Away from Their Families of Orientation at First Marriage
Average Relative Age at First Marriage of Men and of Women
Final Authority over the Care, Handling and Discipline of Infants
Final Authority over the Up-bringing and Discipline of Post-infant Unmarried Children Living in the Home
Wife to Husband Institutionalized Deference (Guttman Scale)
A Stated Preference for Children of One Sex
Physical Punishment of the Spouse Condoned
(No) Explicit View That Men Should and Do Dominate Their Wives
Attendance and Participation in General Community Gathering
Existence of General Female Initiation Ceremonies
Any Belief That the Status of Women Has Changed in Folklore or History
High Value Placed on Males Being Aggressive, Strong, and Sexually Potent
(No) Belief That Women Are Generally Inferior to Men
A Statement That Women Have More Informal Influence than Formal Norms of the Society Would Make It Appear
Patterns for Nephews and Nieces (Male Speaking)
Flexible Marriage Mores (Divorce for Both Men and Women: or Mild Punishment for Adultery)
Females Produce Goods for Nondomestic Distribution
Demand for Female Produce beyond Household
Female Economic Control of Products of Own Labor
Female Political Participation, at Least Informal Influence
Female Solidarity Groups, Formal or Informal
Female Power Guttman Scale Constructed from 657-662
Moderate or Frequent Interpersonal Violence
Rape: Incidents Reports, or Thought of as Means of Punishment Women, or Part of Ceremony
At Least Some Wives Taken from Hostile Groups
Male Aggression Guttman Scale Constructed from 664-668
Composite of Male Dominance Constructed from 663 plus 669 (657-669)
Male Avoidance of Female Sexuality (A11)
Sex of Creative Agent, Ancestor, or Culture-hero
Tree Fruits and Starches the Principal Crops
Large Nonmilked Aboriginal Domestic Animals
Large Milked Aboriginal Domestic Animals
Small Aboriginal Domestic Animals - excluding Dogs, Cats, Fowl, Guinea Pigs
Large Domestic Animals, Only since European Contact
Small Domestic Animals, Only since European Contact
Large Animals Are Hunted and Important to the Diet
Small Animals Are Hunted and Important to the Diet
Intermediate Animals Are Hunted and Important to the Diet
Frequency of Intercommunity Armed Conflict
Male Initiation Ceremonies (Guttman Scale - See Frank Young, 1965)
Male Solidarity (Guttman Scale - See Young and Bacdayan 1965)
Preferred Family Form (Adapted from Murdock 1961)
Political Organization (Adapted from Murdock 1961, P. 207)
Community Part of a Kingdom in the past That No Longer Exists
Social Stratification in the Larger Society
Social Stratification in the Local Community
Societal Complexity (Guttman Scale - Freeman and Winch 1957)
Systematic Absences of Married Males (Military Service, Labor Elsewhere, Extended Trade Expeditions, etc.)
Formal Fieldwork Training of Authorities
Knowledge of Native Language ** (e.g., by Ethnographers)
Importance of Agriculture in Subsistence, including Gardening
Importance of Animal Husbandry in Subsistence
Importance of Fishing, Shellfishing and Marine Hunting
Importance of Hunting and Gathering in Subsistence
Contribution of the Sexes to Agriculture
Contribution of the Sexes to Animal Husbandry
Contribution of the Sexes to Fishing, Shellfishing, and Marine Hunting
Contribution of the Sexes to Hunting and Gathering
Relative Contribution of the Sexes to Handicrafts and Manufacture
Relative Contribution of the Sexes to Trade
Time of Mourning before Remarriage of Widows
Customs Surrounding Consummation of Marriage
(Distant) Sleeping Proximity between Husbands and Wives
(Low) Privacy in Sleeping for Husbands and Wives (Only If Husband and Wife Sleep in Same Room)
(No) Husband-wife Leisure Time Activities
(Low) Political Role Differentiation: Full Time Specialists and Their Differentiation from Others in the Society
Local Community Leadership Selection: Basis
Perceptions of Political Leaders' Power as Seen by Society
Perceptions of Political Leaders' Benevolence as Seen by Society
(No) Removal of Leaders Who Are Incompetent or Disliked
(Few) Decision Making Bodies: How Most Decisions Are Made
(Low) Political Participation: Range of Community Decision Making
(Low) Political Participation: Extensivity of Adult Participation in Areas Where Collective Decision Making Present
(No) Conflict (Social or Political) in the Local Community
(No) Conflict between Communities of the Same Society
Conflict Management in Local Community: Dominant Mode
(No) Resort to Physical Force by Disputants in Settling Disputes, Exclusive of Police or Institutionalized Force,
(No) Mediation/Negotiation/Arbitration: Third Parties in Disputes, Unable to Impose a Binding Decision, but May Facilitate Settlement
(No) Litigation: Use of Third Parties Offering Binding Decisions, with or without Formal Court Systems
(No) Internal Warfare (between Communities of Same Society)
(No) External Warfare (with Other Societies)
(Low) Compliance of Individuals with Community Norms and Decisions
(Few) Formal Sanctions and Enforcement for Community Decisions
(No) Enforcement Specialists (e.g., Police, Tax Collectors)
(Low) Loyalty to the Wider Society (in Some Cases Indistinguishable from the Local Community)
(Un) Acceptability of Violence toward Members of the Local Community
(Un) Acceptability of Violence toward Members of the Same Society, but outside the Local Community
(Un) Acceptability of Violence toward People in Other Societies
(No) Taxation Paid to Community (e.g., in Agricultural Produce, Labor, Finished Goods)
(No) Local Political Fission of Dissatisfied Persons
Cross-cutting Ties: Extent to Which Individuals Living in Different Communities of the Same Society Linked Together in Politically Relevant Ways
Type of Cross-cutting Ties: Age Organizations (Grades, Sets) Cutting across Communities
Type of Cross-cutting Ties: Kinship Organizations Cutting across Communities
Type of Cross-cutting Ties: Moieties Cutting across Communities
Types of Cross-cutting Ties: Ritual Organizations (Religious, Cult Groups) Cutting across Communities
(Low) Female Participation in Public Political Arenas, Relative to Males
(Low) Female Participation in Private Political Arenas, Relative to Males
(Low) Gender Differences in Political or Quasi-political Positions of Authority
(No) Separate Female Organizations and Positions
Number of Pages Related to Child Training Practices
Proportion of Book Devoted to Child Training 0 - 99 Pct
Repeated Observation of Different Families' Socialization Practices
Use of Multiple Informants to Collect Data on Child Rearing
Use of Tests (e.g., Rorschach, Tat, Sentence Completion, I.q.)
Language Familiarity ** (e.g., by Ethnographers)
Community Involvement ** (e.g., by Ethnographers)
Percent Female Contribution to Agriculture
Percent Female Contribution to Domestic Animals
Percent Female Contribution to Gathering
Average Female Contribution to Subsistence
Differentiation of Adolescence from Childhood for Boys
Differentiation of Adolescence from Childhood for Girls
Outline of World Cultures Region, Sub-region, and Societal Code (Murdock 1975)
Ethnographic Atlas Region, Sub-region, and Societal Code (Murdock 1962)
Ethnographic Atlas Sequence Number (Murdock 1962)
Atlas of World Cultures Region, Sub-region, and Societal Code (Murdock 1981)
Niche Temperature (Approximate) Adapted from William Goode, World Atlas
Niche Rainfall (Approximate) Adapted from William Goode, World Atlas
Niches Adapted from William Goode, World Atlas: No Key for Factor Levels
Climate Type - Ordered in Terms of Open Access to Rich Ecological Resources D. White and M. Burton L986
Subsistence Type - Ecological Classification D. White, 1984, after Karen and Jeffrey Paige (L981)
Resource Base - Reclassification of above, as per Paige and Paige
Standard Polygamy Code: Whyte, Murdock and Wilson, Murdock Atlas
Higher Rates of Polygyny for Men of Wealth, Rank, Nobility, or Higher Social Class
Multiple Wives for Leaders, Headmen, Chiefs
Multiple Wives for Medicine Men or Shamans
Additional Wives or Concubines from Slavery or Capture in Warfare
Percentage of Married Men with More than One Wife
Percentage of Married Women Polygynously Married (Share Husband with One or More Co-wives)
Reliability of Data for Percentage Polygynously Married
Polygyny Guttman Scale I: Co-wife Autonomy Constructed from 854-852
Polygyny Guttman Scale II: Charismatic Constructed from 851-855
Female Contribution to Subsistence: Ethnographic Atlas
Female Contribution to Subsistence: Martin Whyte
Female Contribution to Subsistence: Barry and Schlegel
Female Contribution to Subsistence: Maximal Difference of Three Scores
Female Contribution to Subsistence: Average of Three Scores
Female Contribution to Subsistence: Average of Three Scores (Ordinated)
Frequency of Internal War Otterbein (1970: 3, 84, 143) Definition of Internal War
Frequency of External War - Attacking [follows Otterbein 1970: 84, 143-144]
Frequency of External War - Being Attacked [follows Otterbein 1970: 84, 143-144]
Form of Military Mobilization [adapted from Otterbein 1970: 144]
Decision to Engage in War [follows Otterbein 1970: 28-29, 144]
Commencement of War [follows Otterbein 1970: 32, 144]
Conclusion of War [follows Otterbein 1970: 35, 144]
Military Expectations I-pre-state [follows Naroll L966, with Modifications by Otterbein 1970]
Casualty Rate Poor Correlation with Ember 2005 Male Mortality in War [follows Otterbein 1970: 81, 146]
Leadership during Battle [modified from Otterbein 1970: 23-28, 144]
Prestige Associated with Being a Soldier or Warrior
Rewards (Special Gifts, Praises, or Ceremonies, Not including Ritual Purification for a Man Who Has Killed an Enemy in Battle or Otherwise Shown Skill in War)
Did Members of the Society Expect Violence to Solve Their Problems?
Value of War: Violence/War against Non-members of the Group
Military Success : Is Political Community/Cultural Unit Winning or Losing in the Long Run
Acquisition of Land : Fields, Hunting/Fishing Territories, Pastures
Plunder (including Captives for Slaves, Hostages, Adoption)
Trophies and Honors (including Captives for Sacrifice)
Aggressive Defense (Pre-emptive Attack If Enemy Thought about to Attack)
Historical Frame for Pinpointing Date Where Slaveholding Present
Large Scale Slaveholding Systems: Recency
Large Scale Slaveholding Systems: Proportion of Slaves
Agricultural Potential 1: Sum of Land Slope, Soils, Climate Scales
Data Quality: Inferences (Land Slope V922)
Climate Potential for Most Suitable Types of Crops
Agricultural Potential 2: Lowest of Land Slope, Soils, Climate Scales
Data Quality: Inferences (Rainfall V929)
Female Physical Appearance during the Daily Routine (Not Temporary Occasions Such as Ceremonial Gatherings)
Male Physical Appearance during the Daily Routine (Not Temporary Occasions Such as Ceremonial Gatherings)
Sleeping Arrangements of Adolescent Females: Where Unmarried but Sexually Mature Females Sleep in Relation to Sexually Mature Males in the Living Quarters
Married Women: Where Spouses Sleep in the Living Quarters
Eating Arrangements: the Spatial Arrangement of the Sexes during the Main Meal of the Day
Individual Ordeal Involved at the Onset of the Menses. the Categories Are Arranged According to the Severity of the Ordeal
Social Celebration Involved at the Onset of the Menses
The Social Signficance of Change in a Woman's Position with the Onset of Menstruation. the Categories Are
Personal Restrictions or Regular Menstruation
Social Danger: Which Person (S) Would Be Most Harmed If the Woman Did Not Adhere to Her Menstrual Restrictions
Special Segregation at Birth: Location of the Woman When She Gives Birth: Where the Birth of the First Child Takes Place
Residence of the New Parents at the Birth of Their First Child
Purpose of Personal Birth Restrictions. Each Category Indicates Why the Taboos and Restrictions on a Woman's Personal Behavior Are Imposed after She Bears a Child
Duration of Personal Birth Restrictions. Each Category Specifies a Period of Time after Birth before the Woman Resumes Her Usual Domestic and Economic Activities
Participants in the Birth Celebration. the Code Indicates the Most Extensive Group Which Participates in the Celebration of Birth
Contraception: Knowledge and Use of Means to Prevent the Conception of Children
Social Approval for Abortion: Approval of and Rationale for Action Taken to Prevent the Birth of a Child by Expelling the Fetus before It Is Viable
Rationale for Infanticide. Each Category Indicates a Reason for Which an Infant Might Be Killed
Restrictions on the Occasion of Intercourse. Each Category Specifies an Occasion When Intercourse Is Proscribed or Strongly Preferred Not to Take Place
Extensions of the Incest Taboo. Each Category Specifies an Extension of the Incest Taboo beyond the Nuclear Family
Violation of Restrictions on Premarital Sex. Each Category Specifies the Consequences a Woman Faces If She Violates a Premarital Sex Prohibition
Age of Woman at Establishment of Marriage: First Marriage
Age of Man at Establishment of Marriage: First Marriage
Choice of Spouse: Social Restrictions Which Limit an Individual's Choice of Whom He Can Marry
Marriage Proposal: besides the Groom, Whose Proposal Is Regarded as Most Necessary in Initiating Marriage
Consent to Marry: How Necessary Is the Consent of the Prospective Wife for Marriage Arrangements to Proceed
Consent to Marry: How Necessary Is the Consent of the Prospective Husband for Marriage Arrangements to Proceed
The Rights Transferred by Women at Marriage
The Rights Transferred by Men at Marriage
Finality: Factors That Are Important for the Firm Establishment of a Marriage
Grounds for Divorce: Wife's Reasons given for Dissolving a Marriage
Grounds for Divorce: Husband's Reasons given for Dissolving a Marriage
Property Exchanges after Divorce. Ranked in Order of the Amount of Financial Loss Incurred by the Wife When a Divorce Occurs
Importance of Mothers for Both Boys and Girls, without Regard to Gender
Importance of Fathers for Both Boys and Girls, without Regard to Gender
Importance of Siblings (Usually Older Sisters) for Both Boys and Girls, without Regard to Gender
Importance of Grandparents (Usually Grandmothers) for Both Boys and Girls, without Regard to Gender
Importance of Others for Both Boys and Girls, without Regard to Gender
Identification of Others for Boys and Girls, without Regard to Gender
Enculturative Continuity for Both Boys and Girls without Regard for Gender
Incomplete Continuity for Both Boys and Girls without Regard for Gender: Age
Classification of World System Position Markets Labor Agricult. Commodities & Trade Coercion Wage Productn Tax Import/Export
Tool Categories Imported: (19 17 21 18 9)
Foods/Animals Categories Imported: (13 5 3 4 2)
Consumer Goods Categories Imported: (16 12 10)
Hieratic Goods Categories Exported: (10, 1)
Stimulants Categories Exported: (13, 12)
Prized Raw Goods Categories Exported: (4, 6)
Local Wares Categories Exported: (11, 2, 14)
Consumable Categories Imported (4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 16)
Durable Categories Imported (8 17 18 19 20 21)
Consumable Categories Exported (4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 16)
Durable Categories Exported (8 17 18 19 20 21) [and Manufactured?]
Throughputs: Total Number of Categories Both Imported and Exported
Imported Good: Wood, Fuel, Construction Mat
Imported Good: Prestige Goods (Ivory, Gold, Etc)
Imported Good: Stimulants (Tobacco, Tea, Coffee)
Imported Good: Pots, Beads, Cooking Utensils, Etc
Imported Good: Books, Magazines, Newspapers
Imported Good: Clothing, Cloth, Blankets
Imported Good: Radios, Lamps, Electricity
Imported Good: Tractors, Pumps, Machines
Exported Good: Wood, Fuel, Construction Mat
Exported Good: Prestige Goods (Ivory, Gold, Etc)
Exported Good: Stimulants (Tobacco, Tea, Coffee)
Exported Good: Pots, Beads, Cooking Utensils, Etc
Exported Good: Books, Magazines, Newspapers
Exported Good: Clothing, Cloth, Blankets
Exported Good: Bicycles, Cars, Power Boats
Exported Good: Radios, Lamps, Electricity
Exported Good: Tractors, Pumps, Machines
Change in 100 Years Prior to Observation
Extent of Change in Subsistence or Supportive System
Agricultural Intensification: Increase in Inputs without Increasing Land Area of Food Production
Expansion of Land Utilized in Subsistence or Supportive Practices
Political Entities Conquered, Colonized or Displaced in Last 100 Years (Earlier Conquests in Footnotes) [21]
Frequency of Successful Expansions into Another Society in past 100 Years
Estimate of Distance to Furthest Society Conquored: [24]
Society Was Conquered, Colonized or Displaced by Political Entities in Last 100 Years Prior to Observation (Note Earlier Conquests)
Frequency of Successful Expansions into This Society in past 100 Years
Catastrophic Shifts Causing Depopulation (Last 50 Years)
Number of Years Prior to Observation for Beginning of Problem (S) Causing Depopulation [36]
Number of Years Prior to Observation for Ending of Problem (S) [37] Causing Depopulation (i.e., before Population Stable or Increasing)
Percentage of Population Lost (100 Pct minus Popul in 37 as Pct of That in 36)
Percentage Recovery (Popul at Observation in 39a as Pct of That in 36)
Societal Migration or Relocation in past 100 Years [40]
Other Societal Migration, Relocation or Settlement in past 500 Years
Time in New Location until Date of Observation [42]
Effects of Relocation on (a) Trade or Position in World System; (B) Gender Roles; (C) Social Structure, Land Tenure, etc. (Revise) [45]
Reservation or Reserve Status at Time of Observation [46]
Society Unintentionally Caught up in State Level Warfare [47]
Years before (or after) Observation When Warfare First Stopped [58]
Restrictions on Warfare in Effect at Time of Observation
Effects of Restriction above (Either) on Men and Women
Agricultural Staple Data Quality: Inferences
Second Agricultural Staple Data Quality: Inferences
Cropping Index (Rough Indicator of Fallowing) for Major Crops
Population Density Data Quality: Inferences
Political Integration (Wes Col 15; EA Var 89)
Divorce Causes- Infidelity: Lack of Virginity
Divorce Causes- Infidelity: Cruelty or Maltreatment
Divorce Causes- Infidelity: Disobedience or Disrespect
Divorce Causes- Infidelity: Another Lover
Divorce Causes- Infertility: Sexual Neglect
Divorce Causes- Infertility: Refusal to Have Sex
Divorce Causes- Infertility: Death of Children
Divorce Causes- Infertility: Absence of Male Children
Divorce Causes- Infertility: Exchange Wife Has Too Few Children
Divorce Causes- Personality: Mutual Consent
Divorce Causes- Personality: Quarrelsomeness or Talkativeness
Divorce Causes- Personality: Other Personality Problems
Divorce Causes- Economic: Inadequate Support
Divorce Causes- Economic: Inadequate Housing
Divorce Causes- Economic: Inadequate Food
Divorce Causes- Economic: Inadequate Clothing
Divorce Causes- Economic: Inadequate Food Preparation
Divorce Causes- Economic: Inadequately Serving Spouse
Divorce Causes- Economic: Other Economic Problems
Divorce Causes- In-law Conflicts: Conflicts with In-laws
Divorce Causes- In-law Conflicts: Inadequately Serving In-laws
Divorce Causes- In-law Conflicts: Bridewealth or Dowry Disputes
Divorce Causes- In-law Conflicts: Disrespect for In-laws
Divorce Causes- In-law Conflicts: Spouse Favors Kin
Divorce Causes- In-law Conflicts: Other In-law Problems
Divorce Causes- Ritual: Witchcraft or Sorcery
Divorce Causes- Ritual: Bad Dream of Omen
Divorce Causes- Ritual: Other Ritual Problems
Divorce Causes- Politics: Confiction or Incarceration
Divorce Causes- Politics: Other Political Problems
Avoidance: M-wbw or F-hzh Wife's Brother's Wife
Avoidance: M-wbd or F-fzh Wife's Brother's Daughter
Avoidance: M-wez or F-yzh Wife's Elder Sister
Avoidance: M-wyz or F-ezh Wife's Younger Sister
Avoidance: M-wzd or F-mzh Wife's Sister's Daughter
Avoidance: F-hf or M-sw Husband's Father
Avoidance: F-hm or M-sw Husband's Mother
Avoidance: F-hz or F-bw Husband's Sister
Avoidance: F-hzs or M-mbw Husband's Sister's Husband
Avoidance: F-heb or M-ybw Husband's Elder Brother
Avoidance: F-hyb or M-ebw Husband's Younger Brother
Avoidance: F-hbs or M-fbw Husband's Brother's Son
Avoidance: F-eb or M-yz Brother-elder Sister
Avoidance: M-ez or F-yb Brother-younger Sister
Avoidance: F-fs or M-fd Half-elder? Sibling
Avoidance: F-ms or M-md Half-younger? Sibling
Avoidance: F-mezs or M-myzd Matrilateral Parallel Cousin
Avoidance: F-myzs or M-mezd Matrilateral Parallel Cousin
Avoidance: F-febs or M-fybd Patrilateral Parallel Cousin
Avoidance: F-fybs or M-febd Patrilateral Parallel Cousin
Avoidance: F-mbs or M-fzd Patrilateral Cross-cousin
Avoidance: F-fzs or M-mbd Matrilateral Cross-cousin
Avoidance: M-fzs or M-mbs Male Cross-cousins
Avoidance: F-fzd or F-mbd Female Cross-cousins
Avoidance: M-fz or F-bs Paternal Aunt-nephew
Avoidance: F-mb or M-zd Maternal Uncle-neice
Avoidance: F-hzd or M-mbw Maternal Uncle's Wife
Mother's Brother's Wife and Husband's Sister's Son
Wife's Brother's Daughter and Father's Sister's Husband
Mother's Brother's Son and Father's Sister's Son
Father's Sister's Daughter and Mother's Brother's Son
Elder Brother's Wife and Husband's Younger Brother
Younger Brother's Wife and Husband's Elder Brother
Wife's Elder Sister and Younger Sister's Husband
Wife's Younger Sister and Elder Sister's Husband
Wife's Brother's Wife and Husband's Sister's Husband
Female Body Type Considered Most Attractive
Exposure of Adolescent Girls to Male Sexual Advances
Consequences for Adolescent Girls Pregnant before Marriage
Ordinary Nutritional Conditions and Endemic Starvation
Temporal Control Codes for Seasonal Starvation
Temporal Control Codes for the Occurrence of Famine
Adult Agricultural Task Unspecified: Primary Crop
Adult Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Child Agricultural Task Unspecified: Primary Crop
Child Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Children under 6 Clear Land: Primary Crop
Children under 6 Soil Preparation: Primary Crop
Children under 6 Crop Tending: Primary Crop
Children under 6 Harvesting: Primary Crop
Children under 6 Agricultural Tasks Unspecified: Primary Crop
Children under 6 Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Clear Land: Primary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Soil Preparation: Primary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Crop Tending: Primary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Harvesting: Primary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Agricultural Tasks Unspecified: Primary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Children over 10 Clear Land: Primary Crop
Children over 10 Soil Preparation: Primary Crop
Children over 10 Crop Tending: Primary Crop
Children over 10 Harvesting: Primary Crop
Children over 10 Agricultural Tasks Unspecified: Primary Crop
Children over 10 Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Children Prepare Soil Alone: Primary Crop
Children Do Unspecified Agricultural Tasks Alone: Primary Crop
Children Do Other Agricultural Chores Alone: Primary Crop
Children Clear Land with Other Kids: Primary Crop
Children Prepare Soil with Other Kids: Primary Crop
Children Plant with Other Kids: Primary Crop
Children Tend Crops with Other Kids: Primary Crop
Children Harvest with Other Kids: Primary Crop
Children Do Unspecified Chores with Other Kids: Primary Crop
Children Do Other Agricultural Chores with Other Kids: Primary Crop
Children Clear Land with Adults: Primary Crop
Children Prepare Soil with Adults: Primary Crop
Children Plant with Adults: Primary Crop
Children Tend Crops with Adults: Primary Crop
Children Harvest with Adults: Primary Crop
Children Do Unspecified Agricultural Tasks with Adults: Primary Crop
Children Do Other Agricultural Chores with Adults: Primary Crop
Importance of Boy Clearing: Primary Crop
Importance of Boy Preparing Soil: Primary Crop
Importance of Boy Planting: Primary Crop
Importance of Boy Tending Crops: Primary Crop
Importance of Boy Harvesting: Primary Crop
Importance of Boy Unspecified Agricultural Tasks: Primary Crop
Importance of Boy Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Importance of Girl Clearing: Primary Crop
Importance of Girl Preparing Soil: Primary Crop
Importance of Girl Planting: Primary Crop
Importance of Girl Tending Crops: Primary Crop
Importance of Girl Harvesting: Primary Crop
Importance of Girl Unspecified Agricultural Tasks: Primary Crop
Importance of Girl Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Adult Preference in Land Clearing: Primary Crop
Adult Preference in Soil Preparation: Primary Crop
Adult Preference in Planting: Primary Crop
Adult Preference in Crop Tending: Primary Crop
Adult Preference in Harvesting: Primary Crop
Adult Preference in Unspecified Agricultural Tasks: Primary Crop
Adult Preference in Other Agricultural Chores: Primary Crop
Green Manure and Mulch Used: Primary Crop
Soil Treatments/Sands Used: Primary Crop
Adult Agricultural Task Unspecified: Secondary Crop
Adult Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Child Agricultural Task Unspecified: Secondary Crop
Child Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Children under 6 Clear Land: Secondary Crop
Children under 6 Soil Preparation: Secondary Crop
Children under 6 Planting: Secondary Crop
Children under 6 Crop Tending: Secondary Crop
Children under 6 Harvesting: Secondary Crop
Children under 6 Agricultural Tasks Unspecified: Secondary Crop
Children under 6 Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Clear Land: Secondary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Soil Preparation: Secondary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Planting: Secondary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Crop Tending: Secondary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Harvesting: Secondary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Agricultural Tasks Unspecified: Secondary Crop
Children 6 to 10 Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Children over 10 Clear Land: Secondary Crop
Children over 10 Soil Preparation: Secondary Crop
Children over 10 Planting: Secondary Crop
Children over 10 Crop Tending: Secondary Crop
Children over 10 Harvesting: Secondary Crop
Children over 10 Agricultural Tasks Unspecified: Secondary Crop
Children over 10 Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Children Clear Land Alone: Secondary Crop
Children Prepare Soil Alone: Secondary Crop
Children Tend Crops Alone: Secondary Crop
Children Do Unspecified Agricultural Tasks Alone: Secondary Crop
Children Do Other Agricultural Chores Alone: Secondary Crop
Children Clear Land with Other Kids: Secondary Crop
Children Prepare Soil with Other Kids: Secondary Crop
Children Plant with Other Kids: Secondary Crop
Children Tend Crops with Other Kids: Secondary Crop
Children Harvest with Other Kids: Secondary Crop
Children Do Unspecified Chores with Other Kids: Secondary Crop
Children Do Other Agricultural Chores with Other Kids: Secondary Crop
Children Clear Land with Adults: Secondary Crop
Children Prepare Soil with Adults: Secondary Crop
Children Plant with Adults: Secondary Crop
Children Tend Crops with Adults: Secondary Crop
Children Harvest with Adults: Secondary Crop
Children Do Unspecified Agricultural Tasks with Adults: Secondary Crop
Children Do Other Agricultural Chores with Adults: Secondary Crop
Importance of Boy Clearing: Secondary Crop
Importance of Boy Preparing Soil: Secondary Crop
Importance of Boy Planting: Secondary Crop
Importance of Boy Tending Crops: Secondary Crop
Importance of Boy Harvesting: Secondary Crop
Importance of Boy Unspecified Agricultural Tasks: Secondary Crop
Importance of Boy Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Importance of Girl Clearing: Secondary Crop
Importance of Girl Preparing Soil: Secondary Crop
Importance of Girl Planting: Secondary Crop
Importance of Girl Tending Crops: Secondary Crop
Importance of Girl Harvesting: Secondary Crop
Importance of Girl Unspecified Agricultural Tasks: Secondary Crop
Importance of Girl Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Adult Preference in Land Clearing: Secondary Crop
Adult Preference in Soil Preparation: Secondary Crop
Adult Preference in Planting: Secondary Crop
Adult Preference in Crop Tending: Secondary Crop
Adult Preference in Harvesting: Secondary Crop
Adult Preference in Unspecified Agricultural Tasks: Secondary Crop
Adult Preference in Other Agricultural Chores: Secondary Crop
Terraces and Mounds Used: Secondary Crop
Green Manure and Mulch Used: Secondary Crop
Shortest Length of Fallow: Secondary Crop
Soil Treatments/Sands Used: Secondary Crop
Chemical Fertilizers Used: Secondary Crop
Stakes and Trellises Used: Secondary Crop
Children under 10 Care for Small Animals
Children Herd Small Animals with Children
Children Care for Small Animals with Children
Children Care for Small Animals with Adults
Importance of Girl Herding Small Animals
Importance of Boy Care for Small Animals
Importance of Girl Care for Small Animals
Adult Preference in Herding Small Animals
Adult Preference in Caring for Small Animals
Children Herd Large Animals with Children
Children Care for Large Animals with Children
Children Care for Large Animals with Adults
Importance of Girl Herding Large Animals
Importance of Boy Care for Large Animals
Importance of Girl Care for Large Animals
Adult Preference in Herding Large Animals
Adult Preference in Caring for Large Animals
Who Controls the Earnings of Wage Labor?
Children Tend Fires along with Other Children
Children Carry Burdens along with Other Children
Children Carry Water along with Other Children
Overall Frequency of Warfare (Resolved Rating)
Frequency of Internal Warfare (Resolved Rating)
Frequency of External Warfare (Resolved Rating)
Outcomes regarding Land in Internal Warfare
Outcomes regarding Land in External Warfare
Outcomes regarding Land in War Overall - Combined Scale Scores from Vars 1655 and 1656
Outcomes regarding Nonland Resources in Internal Warfare
Outcomes regarding Nonland Resources in External Warfare
Outcomes regarding Nonland Resources in War Overall
Reliability of Outcomes of Internal Warfare Ratings (Var. 1655)
Reliability of Outcomes of External Warfare Ratings (Var. 1656)
Reliability of Outcomes of Internal Warfare Ratings (Var. 1658)
Reliability of Outcomes of External Warfare Ratings (Var. 1659)
Individual Aggression - Suicide (Resolved Ratings)
Reliability of Individual Aggression Ratings-homicide (Var. 1665)
Reliability of Individual Aggression Ratings-assault (Var. 1666)
Reliability of Individual Aggression Ratings-theft (Var. 1667)
Reliability of Individual Aggression Ratings-trespass (Var. 1668)
Reliability of Individual Aggression Ratings-suicide (Var. 1669)
Reliability of Socially Organized Homicide Ratings (Var. 1675)
Reliability of Socially Organized Assault Ratings (Var. 1676)
Reliability of Socially Organized Theft Ratings (Var. 1677)
Reliability of Socially Organized Trespass Ratings (Var. 1678)
Chronic Resource Problems (Resolved Ratings)
Reliability of Threat of Famine Ratings (Var. 1683)
Reliability of Threat of Natural and Pest Disaster Rating (Var 1684)
Reliability of Chronic Scarcity Ratings (Var. 1685)
Sex Ratio (Males/Females 1000) : First Two Digits R: Values from 65.6 to 185.6
Pathogen: Trypanosomas (from Ludvico Data)
Pathogen: Schistosomes (from Ludvico Data)
Person (S) Infants and Children Sleep With
Sex Segregation in Sleeping Areas of Children
Sex Segregation in Sleeping Areas of Adolescents and Teens
Possibility for Peaceful Territorial Expansion
Resource Acquisition as Motive for Violent Conflict Management
Rich, Poor, or Dispossessed as One Party in Violent Conflicts
Presence of an Overarching Political Unit
Administrative Integration of Local Community within Overarching Political Unit
Power Participation of Local Elite within Overarching Political Unit
Market Exchange outside of Local Community
Relationship between Production for Subsistence and Production for Market Exchange
Extent of Burden Caused by Tribute Payments or Taxation
Presence of Formal Education within Local Community
Types of Violence against Overarching Political Institution
Overarching Formal Jurisdiction within Unit of Maximal Political Authority
Selection of Officials at the Lowest Level of Political Hierarchy
Lower Level Participation in Decision Making of the Unit of Maximal Political Authority
Frequency of External Warfare: Unit of Maximal Political Authority
Frequency of Internal Warfare; i.e. between Local Communities within Unit of Maximal Political Authority
Frequency of Internal Warfare Involving Non-territorially Organized Groups within Unit of Maximal Political Authority
Frequency of Violent Conflict between Groups within Local Communities
Groom's Dependency on Relatives for Marriage Transactions
Local Distribution of Maximal Effective Kin Group
Frequency of Violent Conflict Involving at Least One Maximal Effective Kin Group
Frequency of Violent Conflict Involving at Least One Local Community
Frequency of Interactions between Boys (Early Childhood) and Male Adults
Inculcation of Children's Trust in Other Persons
Positive Reinforcement of Children's Willingness to Share, Give, and Help (Generosity)
Reaction of Socializing Agents towards Violent Behavior of Boys in Late Childhood
Emphasis on Courage of Boys in Late Childhood
Corporal Punishment of Boys in Late Childhood
Attitude towards Physical Violence against Members of Local Community
Attitude towards Physical Violence against Members of Same Ethnic Group, Not Restricted to Local Community
Attitude towards Physical Violence against Members of Other Ethnic Groups
Defensive (Protective) Weapons Used in Warfare
Fact_1 News & General Gossip Scale (sum of Men, Neighbors, Socializing & News, And Women Gossip)
Fact_2 Political Gossip Scale (sum of Family, Govt., Political Gossip)
Fact_3 Machismo Gossip Scale (sum of Boasting, Hunting, Laziness, Wife Beating Gossip)
Fact_4 Sex & Scandals Scale (sum of Adultery And Scandal Gossip)
Fact_5 Drinking & Murder Scale (sum of Drinking, Murder And Assault Gossip)
Fact_6 Marriage Payments Gossip Scale (sum of Bride Price And Dowry Gossip)
Fact_7 Farming & Religion Gossip Scale (sum of Farming And Religious Gossip)
Fact_8 Cattle & Marriage Gossip Scale (sum of Cattle And Marriage Gossip)
Trade: 1.1. Changes in Trade and Trade Goods
Trade: 1.2. Introduction of Wage Labor and Immigrant Workers
Trade: 1.3. Introduction of Monetary System Such as Money
Technology: 2.1. Introduction of Foreign Goods Such as Weapons
Technology: 2.2. Minor Technological Developments
Technology: 2.3. Major Technological Changes
Agriculture: 3.1. Agricultural Improvements, Improvement in Farming Mehods, Fertilization, Irrigation, Food Preservation
Agriculture: 3.2 Changes in Agriculture and Crops
Agriculture: 3.3. Introduction of New Livestock
Transportation: 4.1. Mechanical Transport (Automobiles, Railroads, Buses)
Transportation: 4.2. Changes and Introduction of Water Transport
Transportation: 4.3. Introduction of Roads and Highways
Government, Political and Legal System: 5.1 New Positions Such as Government Officials
Government, Political and Legal System: 5.2 Changes or Implementation of Foreign Judicial System
Government, Political and Legal System: 5.3 Political Changes, Uprising, Cargo Cults
Government, Political and Legal System: 5.4 Large Scale Projects Introduced by outside Agencies
Family/Social Organization: 6.1 Changes in Family Structure
Family/Social Organization: 6.2 Changes in Marriage Rituals, Weddings
Family/Social Organization: 6.3 Changes in Choice of Spouse, Mixed-marriages, Etc
Family/Social Organization: 6.4 Changes in Female Role or Status
Body Toilet, Adornment and Dress: 7.1 Changes in Body Toilets Such as Piercing, Jewelry
Body Toilet, Adornment and Dress: 7.2 Changes in Dress Customs
Behavior: 8.1 Introduction of Drugs Such as Tobacco, Alcohol
Behavior: 8.2 Changes in Food Processing Such as Cooking Methods
Information and Education: 9.1. Changes in Communication and the Arts
Information and Education: 9.2 Changes in Education
Information and Education: 9.3 Introduction of Contact Languages, Foreign Words, Vocabulary Distortion, Pidgin Languages
Health: 10.1 Introduction of Foreign Medical Practices, Hospitals
Health: 10.2 Introduction of Foreign Diseases
Health: 10.3 Changes in Sanitation Methods
Religion: 11.1 Changes in Native Religion
Religion: 11.2 Introduction of Foreign Religion
Religion: 11.3 Changes in Burial Practices or Other Rituals
Modernization: Sum of Agricultural Changes
Modernization: Sum of Educational Changes
Modernization: Sum of Governmental Changes
Modernization: Sum of Technological Changes
Modernization: Sum of Transportation Changes
Secondary Bone/Body Treatment: Original Scale
Secondary Bone/Body Treatment: Scale Two
Secondary Bone/Body Treatment: Scale Three
Secondary Bone/Body Treatment: Scale Four
Concordance: Number of Societies within 100 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 150 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 200 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 250 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 300 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 350 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 400 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 450 Mile Radius
Concordance: Number of Societies within 500 Mile Radius (100 Value)
Atlas: Number of Societies within 100 Mile Radius
Atlas: Number of Societies within 150 Mile Radius
Atlas: Number of Societies within 200 Mile Radius
Atlas: Number of Societies within 250 Mile Radius
Atlas: Number of Societies within 300 Mile Radius (100 Value)
Atlas: Number of Societies within 350 Mile Radius (100 Value)
Atlas: Number of Societies within 400 Mile Radius (100 Value)
Atlas: Number of Societies within 450 Mile Radius (100 Value)
Atlas: Number of Societies within 500 Mile Radius (100 Value)
Number of Habitats within 100 Mile Radius
Number of Habitats within 150 Mile Radius
Number of Habitats within 200 Mile Radius
Number of Habitats within 250 Mile Radius
Is Station within One Degree of Society?
Is Station within Two Degrees of Society?
Is Station within Three Degrees of Society?
Coefficient of Variation in Mean Annual Rainfall
Lowest Yearly Rainfall in the N Years Sampled (cm)
Highest Yearly Rainfall in the N Years Sampled (cm)
Difference between Maxrain and Minrain (cm)
Institutionalized Attack by Widow of Something or Someone
Institutionalized Attack by Widower of Something or Someone
Institutionalized Attack on Self by Widow
Institutionalized Attack by Adult Offspring of Deceased
Institutionalized Self Attack by Adult Offspring of Deceased
Institutionalized Attack by Adult Siblings of Deceased
Something Institutionalized Target, Not a Sacrifice
Spontaneous Aggression after Sudden Death
Importance of Ritual Specialists up to and including Initial Body Disposal
Ritualization up to and including Initial Disposal
Amount of Contact by Bereaved with Corpse
Isolation of Adult Offspring of Deceased
Isolation of Parent of Deceased Subadult Offspring
Marking of Subadult Offspring of Deceased
Marking Duration, Parent of Subadult Offspring
Ghosts Perceived Are of Those Best Known
Percentage of Widows Remarrying by Levirate
Some Personal Objects of Deceased Are Disposed of with Corps or Ggiven to Other Groups or Put off Sight and Use for Substantional Amount of Time
Dwelling or Room of Deceased Abandoned at Least Temporarily
Temporary or Permanent Camp or Village Abandonment
Name Taboo, If Present, Applies Primarily to Close Relatives or Behavior in Presence of Close Relatives of the Deceased
Final Ceremonies Coincide with Annual Death Ceremonies
Final Disposal of Remains at Final Ceremony
Sexual Liberties at Initial Funeral Ceremonies
Sexual Liberties at Final Funeral Ceremonies
Final Ceremonies Held for More than One Death at a Time
Belief in Reincarnation of Deceased Adults
Conflict and Resentment over Property Inheritance
Internal War (Variant of Nammour 1974 Variable - 891)
Warfare [fry_war] (Armed Conflict between Political Communities)
Male Jealousy: Reactions to a an Adulterous Wife
Female Jealousy: Reactions to a an Adulterous Husband
Pair Bonding: Marriage Bonds Difficult to Break, Importance and Necessity of Marriage
Attitudes to Progeny: Pair Bonds Strengthened by Presence of Children
Property: Importance of Private Ownership of Property and Severity of Punishment for Theft
Sexual Gratification: Extent to Which Sexual Activity Was Restricted to Matrimony
Economic System, Derived from Cluster Analysis. (Pryor I)
Property in Intangibles, Especially Curing Techniques
Territoriality and Predominant Unit of Land Holding
Importance of Private Land Holding by Individuals or Families
Political Centralization: Composite Variable Running from 0 through 4
Social Differentiation of Free Individuals (I. E., excluding Slaves)
Average Population Size of Most Significant Local Group
Contact with the West, during the Pinpointed Year
Individual Use Rights to Fields, Bounded or Absolute
Individual Ownership of Unfarmed but Usable (Empty) Lands
Inheritance by All Children or Primogeniture, Considering Only the Inheritance of Land (in a Cultivating Society) or Herds (in a Herding Society)
Central Redistribution of Food, Either by the Headman, the Big Man, a Clan Leader, or a Church
Intra-community Trade of Goods Made within the Community and Traded with Other Community Members
Importance of Wage Labor outside the Community
Importance of Wage Labor inside the Community
Inequality of Wealth in the Form of Land Holdings and Herds
Relative Wealth of Political Leaders in the Community
Combative Sports 56: Number of individual combative sports reported
Combative Sports 57: Data quality, individual combative sports
Combative Sports 58: Level of aggression in indvcs
Combative Sports 59: Data quality, level of aggressiveness in individual combative sports
Combative Sports 60: Participants in individual combative sports
Combative Sports 61: Data quality, participants in individual combative sports
Combative Sports 62: Number of team combative sports reported
Combative Sports 63: Data quality, team combative sports
Combative Sports 64: Level of aggression in team combative sports
Combative Sports 65: Data quality, level of aggression in team combative sports
Combative Sports 66: Participants in team combative sports
Combative Sports 67: Data quality, participants in team combative sports
Combative Sports 68: Number of sham combats reported
Combative Sports 69: Data quality, sham combats
Combative Sports 70: Level of aggression in sham combats
Combative Sports 71: Data quality, aggression in sham combats
Combative Sports 72: Participants, sham combats
Combative Sports 73: Data quality, participants in sham combats
Combative Sports 74: Number of non combative sports reported
Combative Sports 75: Data quality, non combative sports
Combative Sports 76: Participants in non combative sports
Combative Sports 77: Data quality, participants in non combative sprts
Combative Sports 78: Combative sport present (0-1 var from #56, #62, #68)
Combative Sports 79: Total number of sports reported (sum of #56,#62,#68,#74)
Combative Sports 80: Proportion of individual combative sports (#56 / #79)
Combative Sports 81: Proportion of team combative sports (#62 / #79)
Combative Sports 82: Proportion of sham combats (#68 / #79)
Combative Sports 83: Proportion of non combative sports (#74 / #79)
Severity of sex training [measured as strength of + (presence) and - (absence)]
Pregnancy sex taboo [measured as strength of + (presence) and - (absence)]
Sexual intercourse before marriage prohibited [measured as strength of + (presence) and - (absence)]
Sexual intercourse usually punished in folklore [measured as strength of + (presence) and - (absence)]
Sexual avoidance therapy [measured as strength of + (presence) and - (absence)]
Sexual explanations for Illness [measured as strength of + (presence) and - (absence)]
Stephans summative scoring, leaving blank those cases where there are too few indicators to form a sum
Doug White's summative scoring for all cases
Alcohol: Extent of Procurement Effort Male
Alcohol: Extent of Procurement Effort Female
Alcohol: Amount of Nurturant Care given Drinkers Male
Alcohol: Amount of Nurturant Care given Drinkers Female
Alcohol: Boisterousness of Drinking Bouts Male
Alcohol: Boisterousness of Drinking Bouts Female
Importance of Wage Labor inside the Community or outside (If Return Migration)
Food Collection: Vegetal (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Insects, and/or Small Land Fauna (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Shellfish/Small Aquatic Fauna (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Honey (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Fowling (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Fishing (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Trapping (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Large Land Fauna (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Collection: Large Aquatic Fauna (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Land Clearance (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Soil Preparation (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Planting (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Crop Tending (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Harvesting (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Small Domestic Animals (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Large Domestic Animals (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Production: Milking (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Preparation: Vegetal: Food Preparation (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Preparation: Butchering (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Preparation: Preservation (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Preparation: Drinks (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Preparation: Dairy (task present==1, absent==0)
Food Preparation: Cooking (task present==1, absent==0)
Extractive Industries: Mining/Quarrying (task present==1, absent==0)
Extractive Industries: Fuel Gathering (task present==1, absent==0)
Extractive Industries: Lumbering (task present==1, absent==0)
Extractive Industries: Water Fetching (task present==1, absent==0)
Intermediate Processing: Skins (task present==1, absent==0)
Intermediate Processing: Spinning (task present==1, absent==0)
Intermediate Processing: Loom Weaving (task present==1, absent==0)
Intermediate Processing: Smelting (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Matmaking (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Netmaking (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Basketmaking (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Rope or Cordage (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Leather (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Clothing (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Pottery (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Wood (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Bone (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Stone (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Metal (task present==1, absent==0)
Manufacturing: Musical Instruments (task present==1, absent==0)
Miscellaneous: Fire (task present==1, absent==0)
Miscellaneous: Laundering (task present==1, absent==0)
Miscellaneous: Bodily Mutilation (task present==1, absent==0)
Miscellaneous: Bonesetting/Surgery (task present==1, absent==0)
Miscellaneous: Burden Carrying (task present==1, absent==0)
Miscellaneous: Boatbuilding (task present==1, absent==0)
Miscellaneous: Housebuilding (task present==1, absent==0)
Mean number wives per husband (Married Women/Married Men)
The sum of the individual pathogen scores (Cashdan & Steele)
A z-score including additional data (a finer breakdown of schistosomes and leishmanias, plus two of Low's pathogen scores)  (Cashdan & Steele)
Range of Beliefs roughly consistent with Rosenblatt et al. codes
Pathogen: eight pathogen zscore (Cashdan)
Pathogen: number of pathogens present (of 10) (Cashdan)