Codebook for Murdock Ethnographic Atlas. ============================================================ SOURCE: (1) Murdock, G. P. (1967). Ethnographic atlas: a summary. Ethnology, 6(2), 109-236. (2) Gray, J. P. (1999). A corrected ethnographic atlas. World Cultures, 10(1), 24-136. ----------------------------------------------------------- code. Murdock Culture Region Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1265 First six non-missing records: society code Kung Aa1 Herero Ab1 Swazi Ab2 Ila Ac1 Pende Ac2 Bajun Ad1 inea1. Is society present in the 863 society subsample published in 1967? Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 402 1 not in EA 863 2 in EA eanumber. Ethnographic Atlas society number Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1265 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 633.745 min 1 max 1267 sd 365.896 navn. Short Ethnographic Atlas society name Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1265 First six non-missing records: society navn Kung KUNG Herero HERERO Swazi SWAZI Ila ILA Pende PENDE Bajun BAJUN eareg. Major Murdock Culture Region Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 414 A Africa 164 C Circum-Mediterranean 126 E East Eurasia 167 I Insular Pacific 285 N North America 109 S South America v1. Gathering Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1264; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 705 0 0-5% Dependence 264 1 6-15% Dependence 111 2 16-25% Dependence 61 3 26-35% Dependence 48 4 36-45% Dependence 35 5 46-55% Dependence 31 6 56-65% Dependence 6 7 66-75% Dependence 3 8 76-85% Dependence 1 NA NA v2. Hunting Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1264; Number of unique values=10 Freq Value Description 380 0 0-5% Dependence 451 1 6-15% Dependence 174 2 16-25% Dependence 134 3 26-35% Dependence 68 4 36-45% Dependence 27 5 46-55% Dependence 12 6 56-65% Dependence 6 7 66-75% Dependence 9 8 76-85% Dependence 3 9 86-100% Dependence 1 NA NA v3. Fishing Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1264; Number of unique values=10 Freq Value Description 441 0 0-5% Dependence 338 1 6-15% Dependence 204 2 16-25% Dependence 106 3 26-35% Dependence 77 4 36-45% Dependence 56 5 46-55% Dependence 26 6 56-65% Dependence 8 7 66-75% Dependence 7 8 76-85% Dependence 1 9 86-100% Dependence 1 NA NA v4. Animal Husbandry Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1264; Number of unique values=10 Freq Value Description 426 0 0-5% Dependence 335 1 6-15% Dependence 226 2 16-25% Dependence 137 3 26-35% Dependence 55 4 36-45% Dependence 33 5 46-55% Dependence 13 6 56-65% Dependence 12 7 66-75% Dependence 15 8 76-85% Dependence 12 9 86-100% Dependence 1 NA NA v5. Agriculture Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1264; Number of unique values=10 Freq Value Description 248 0 0-5% Dependence 49 1 6-15% Dependence 34 2 16-25% Dependence 37 3 26-35% Dependence 93 4 36-45% Dependence 208 5 46-55% Dependence 292 6 56-65% Dependence 201 7 66-75% Dependence 86 8 76-85% Dependence 16 9 86-100% Dependence 1 NA NA v6. Mode of Marriage (Primary) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1246; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 646 1 Bride Price or wealth, to bride's family 123 2 Bride Service, to bride's family 68 3 Token bride price 62 4 Gift Exchange, reciprocal 39 5 Sister or female relative exchanged for bride 275 6 Absence of consideration 33 7 Dowry 19 NA NA v7. Mode of Marriage (Alternate) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1246; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 28 1 bride price or wealth, to bride's family 120 2 bride Service, to bride's family 31 3 Token bride price 14 5 Sister or female relative exchanged 25 7 Dowry, to bride from her family 1028 8 no alternate mode 19 NA NA v8. Domestic Organization Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1237; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 98 1 Independent nuclear family, monogamous 263 2 Independent nuclear family, polygyny 3 3 Independent polyandrous families 58 4 Polygynous: unusual co-wives 222 5 Polygynous: usual co-wives 44 6 Minimal extended families 319 7 Small extended families 230 8 Large extended families 28 NA NA v9. Marital Composition: Monogamy and Polygamy Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1229; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 185 1 Independent nuclear, monogamous 452 2 Independent nuclear, polygyny 69 3 Preferentially sororal, same dwelling 18 4 Preferentially sororal, separate dwellings 344 5 Non-sororal, separate dwellings 157 6 Non-sororal, same dwelling 4 7 Independent polyandrous families 36 NA NA v10. Marital Residence with Kin: First Years Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1241; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 10 1 Ambilocal 11 2 Nonestablishment of common household 204 3 Uxrilocal 15 4 Virilocal 1001 9 Not different from later years 24 NA NA v11. Transfer of Residence at Marriage: After First Years Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1233; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 879 1 Wife to husband's group 155 2 Couple to either group or neolocal 199 3 Husband to wife's group 32 NA NA v12. Marital Residence with Kin: After First Years Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1241; Number of unique values=10 Freq Value Description 55 1 Avunculocal 82 2 Ambilocal 5 3 Optionally uxorilocal or avunculocal 11 4 Optionally patrilocal 58 5 Matrilocal 61 6 Neolocal 8 7 No common residence 633 8 Patrilocal 82 9 Uxorilocal 246 10 Virilocal 24 NA NA v13. Marital Residence with Kin: Alternate Form Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1241; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 92 1 Wife to husband's group 145 2 Couple to either group 225 3 Husband to wife's group 1 4 No common residence 778 9 No alternate form 24 NA NA v14. Transfer of Residence at Marriage: Alternate Form Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1241; Number of unique values=11 Freq Value Description 74 1 Avunculocal 6 2 Ambilocal 1 3 Optionally uxorilocal or avunculocal 3 4 Optionally patrilocal 1 5 Matrilocal 136 6 Neolocal 1 7 No common residence 8 8 Patrilocal 149 9 Uxorilocal 84 10 Virilocal 778 11 No alternate form 24 NA NA v15. Community Marriage Organization Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1077; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 78 1 Demes, not segregated into clan barrios 258 2 Segmented comunities witout local exogamy 386 3 Agamous communities 115 4 Exogamous communities 9 5 Segmented communities 231 6 Clan communities, or clan barrios 188 NA NA v16. Community Marriage Organization Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1077; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 188 1 Clan communities not segmented into clan barrios 43 2 Clan communities segmented into clan barrios 846 9 Other than clan communities 188 NA NA v17. Largest Patrilineal Kin Group Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1251; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 578 1 None 1 2 Patrilineal exogamy 168 3 Lineages in single community 392 4 Sibs, i.e., lineages in multiple communities 62 5 Phratries, i.e., three or more maxmimally extended sibs 50 6 Moieties 14 NA NA v18. Largest Patrilineal Exogamous Group (If Different from Variable 17) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1251; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value Description 87 3 Lineages in single community 24 4 Sibs, i.e., lineages in multiple communities 1 5 Phratries, i.e., three or more maximally extended sibs 1139 9 No different from variable 17, or Lo, Po, or So 14 NA NA v19. Largest Matrilineal Kin Group Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1251; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 1028 1 None 13 2 Matrilineal exogamy 44 3 Lineages in single community 119 4 Sibs, i.e., lineages in multiple communities 17 5 Phratries, i.e., three or more maximally extended sibs 30 6 Moieties 14 NA NA v20. Largest Matrilineal Exogamous Group (If Different from Variable 17) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1251; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 29 3 Lineages in a single community 13 4 Sibs, i.e., Lineages in multiple community 1209 9 No different from variable 17, or Lo, Po, or So 14 NA NA v21. Largest Cognatic Kin Group Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1252; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 279 1 Bilateral descent 108 2 Kindreds: ego-oriented bilateral kin groups 4 3 Ambilineal descent 39 4 Ramages: ancestor oriented 9 5 exogamous ramages 13 6 Quasi-lineages: filiation based 800 9 Unilineal descent groups 13 NA NA v22. Secondary Cognatic Kin Group: Kindreds and Ramages Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1252; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 13 2 Kindreds: ego-oriented bilateral kin groups 3 4 Ramages: ancestor oriented ambilineal groups 1236 9 No secondary cognatic groups 13 NA NA v23. Cousin Marriages (Allowed) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1022; Number of unique values=11 Freq Value Description 200 1 Duolateral: either MoBrDa or FaSiDa 1 2 Duolateral: either FaBrDa or FaSiDa 8 3 Duolateral: either MoBrDa or MoSiDa 44 6 Matrilineal cross-cousin: MoBrDa only 270 7 Nonlateral all first and second cousin barred 276 8 Nonlateral evidence only for first cousins 5 9 Patrilineal cross-cousin: FaSiDa only 117 10 Quadrilateral any first cousin allowed 12 11 Nonlateral: no first cousins, some second cousins 64 12 Nonlateral: no first cousins, all second cousins 25 13 Trilateral: any first cousin not 243 NA NA v24. Subtypes of Cousin Marriages Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1022; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 117 1 All four cousins 25 2 three of four cousins 9 3 Two of four cousins 249 4 One of Four cousins 64 5 No first cousins, all second cousins 12 6 First and some second cousins excluded 276 7 No first, unknown for second 270 8 No first or second cousins 243 NA NA v25. Preferred rather than just Permitted Cousin Marriages Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1022; Number of unique values=15 Freq Value Description 81 1 Duolateral, symmetrical preference 38 2 Duolateral, matrilateral preference 13 3 Duolateral, patrilineal preference 2 4 Duolateral, with maternal cousins only, MoBrDa 27 5 Matrilineal cross-cousin, MoBrDa only 3 6 Patrilineal cross-cousin, FaSiDa only 44 7 Quadrilateral, FaSiDa preferred 7 8 Quadrilateral, symmetrical preference 4 9 Quadrilateral, matrilineal preference 7 10 Nonlateral, some second cousins 7 11 Nonlateral, all second cousins 4 12 Trilateral with bilateral preference 1 13 Trilateral with matrilateral preference 1 14 Trilateral with patrilateral preference 783 15 No preferred cousin marriages 243 NA NA v26. Subtypes of Cousin Marriages (Preferred rather than just Permitted) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1022; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 92 1 Symmetrical prefernce 72 2 MoBrDa preferred 17 3 FaSiDa preferred 44 4 FaBrDa preferred 14 5 A second cousin preferred 783 9 No preferred cousin marriage 243 NA NA v27. Kin Terms for Cousins Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=932; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 58 1 crow 74 2 Descriptive 101 3 Eskimo 338 4 Hawaiian 257 5 Iroquois 78 6 Omaha 14 7 Sudanese 12 8 Mixed 333 NA NA v28. Intensity of Agriculture Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1162; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 232 1 No agriculture 43 2 Casual agriculture 470 3 Extensive or shifting agriculture 98 4 Horticulture 193 5 Intensive agriculture 126 6 Intensive irrigated agriculture 103 NA NA v29. Major Crop Type Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1162; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 241 1 None or noe specified 2 2 Non food crops only 3 3 Vegetables 80 4 Tree fruits 232 5 Roots or tubers 604 6 Cereal grains 103 NA NA v30. Settlement Patterns Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1161; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 79 1 Nomadic or fully migratory 187 2 Seminomadic 93 3 Semisedentary 15 4 Compact but impermenant settlements 149 5 Neighborhoods of dispersed family homesteads 106 6 Separated hamlets, forming a single community 503 7 Compact and relatively permanent 29 8 Complex settlements 104 NA NA v31. Mean Size of Local Communities Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=585; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 117 1 Fewer than 50 107 2 50-99 104 3 100-199 83 4 200-399 60 5 400-1000 16 6 1,000 without any town of more than 5,000 36 7 Towns of 5,000-50,000 (one or more) 62 8 Cities of more than 50,000 (one or more) 680 NA NA v32. Jurisdictional Hierarchy of Local Community Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1141; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 355 1 Two levels 632 2 Three levels 154 3 Four levels 124 NA NA v33. Jurisdictional Hierarchy Beyond Local Community Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1129; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 515 1 No levels 342 2 One levels 162 3 Two levels 83 4 Three levels 27 5 Four levels 136 NA NA v34. High Gods Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=748; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value Description 277 1 Absent or not reported 248 2 Not active in human affairs 42 3 Active in human affairs, not supportive of human morality 181 4 Supportive of human morality 517 NA NA v35. Games Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=463; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 26 1 None of the three types 106 2 Physical skill only 2 3 Chance only 5 4 Strategy only 249 5 Skill and chance 29 6 Skill and strategy 46 8 All 802 NA NA v35.1. Presence of Games of Physical Skill { Dummy variable coded from v35 } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=463; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 33 0 No Games of Physical Skill 430 1 Games of Physical Skill 802 NA NA v35.2. Presence of Games of Chance { Dummy variable coded from v35 } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=463; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 166 0 No Games of Chance 297 1 Games of Chance 802 NA NA v35.3. Presence of Games of Strategy { Dummy variable coded from v35 } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=463; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 383 0 No Games of Strategy 80 1 Games of Strategy 802 NA NA v36. Post-partum Sex Taboos Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=358; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 8 1 none 62 2 No longer than one month 120 3 1 to 6 months 38 4 6 months to 1 year 72 5 More than one to two years 58 6 Over two years 907 NA NA v37. Male Genital Mutilations Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1090; Number of unique values=10 Freq Value Description 723 1 Absent 12 2 Within two months after birth 29 3 Two months to two years 23 4 2 to 5 years 72 5 6 to 10 years 117 6 11 to 15 years 12 7 16 to 25 years 5 8 25 to 50 years 1 9 After 50 years 96 10 Normal age unclear 175 NA NA v38. Segregation of Adolescent Boys Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=738; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 440 1 absent 135 2 partial 38 3 with relatives outside nuclear family 10 4 with non-relatives 115 5 with peers 527 NA NA v39. Animals and Plow Cultivation Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1156; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 997 1 absent 18 2 not aboriginal 141 3 aboriginal to prior contact 109 NA NA v40. Predominant Type of Animal Husbandry Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1156; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 319 1 absence or near absence of large domestic animals 113 2 pigs the only large animals 179 3 sheep and/ or goats without larger domestic animals 64 4 equine animals 8 5 deer 26 6 camels, alpacas, or llamas 447 7 bovine animals 109 NA NA v41. Milking of Domestic Animals Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1156; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 800 1 little or no milking 356 2 milked more often than sporadically 109 NA NA v42. Subsistence Economy (Not in the original EA) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1264; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 103 1 gathering contributes most 114 2 fishing contributes most 75 3 hunting contribuets most 77 4 pastoralism contributes most 475 6 extensive agriculture contributes most 270 7 inensive agricultue contributes most 64 8 two or more sources contribute equally 86 9 agriculture contributes most, type unknown 1 NA NA v43. Descent: Major Type (From Variables 17, 19, 21, Not in the Original EA) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1248; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 584 1 patrilineal 52 2 duolateral 160 3 matrilineal 11 4 Quasi-lineages 48 5 ambilineal 348 6 bilateral 45 7 mixed 17 NA NA v44. Sex Differences: Metal Working Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=950; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 428 1 males only or almost alone 1 2 malea appreciably more 1 7 irrelevence of gender 5 8 activity present 515 9 absent or unimportant activity 315 NA NA v45. Sex Differences: Weaving Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=819; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 97 1 males only 5 2 males appreciably more 15 3 differentialted but equal participation 10 4 equal participation 6 5 female appreciably more 176 6 females only 13 7 irrevelence of gender 60 8 activity present 437 9 absent or unimportant activity 446 NA NA v46. Sex Differences: Leather Working Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=611; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 158 1 males only 7 2 males appreciably more 3 3 differentialted but equal participation 19 4 equal participation 17 5 female appreciably more 135 6 females only 4 7 irrevelence of gender 102 8 activity present 166 9 absent or unimportant activity 654 NA NA v47. Sex Differences: Pottery Making Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=841; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 36 1 males only 4 2 males appreciably more 7 3 differentialted but equal participation 6 4 equal participation 12 5 female appreciably more 345 6 females only 8 7 irrevelence of gender 130 8 activity present 293 9 absent or unimportant activity 424 NA NA v48. Sex Differences: Boat Building Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=676; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 233 1 males only 9 2 males appreciably more 4 3 differentialted but equal participation 1 4 equal participation 3 6 females only 1 7 irrevelence of gender 160 8 activity present 265 9 absent or unimportant activity 589 NA NA v49. Sex Differences: House Construction Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=549; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 343 1 males only 69 2 males appreciably more 33 3 differentialted but equal participation 24 4 equal participation 9 5 female appreciably more 67 6 females only 1 8 activity present 3 9 absent or unimportant activity 716 NA NA v50. Sex Differences: Gathering Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=634; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 19 1 males only 17 2 males appreciably more 19 3 differentialted but equal participation 40 4 equal participation 128 5 female appreciably more 246 6 females only 4 8 activity present 161 9 absent or unimportant activity 631 NA NA v51. Sex Differences: Hunting Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=939; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 841 1 males only 13 2 males appreciably more 85 9 absent or unimportant activity 326 NA NA v52. Sex Differences: Fishing Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=820; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 303 1 males only 200 2 males appreciably more 55 3 differentialted but equal participation 38 4 equal participation 18 5 female appreciably more 20 6 females only 4 8 activity present 182 9 absent or unimportant activity 445 NA NA v53. Sex Differences: Animal Husbandry Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=784; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 194 1 males only 107 2 males appreciably more 65 3 differentialted but equal participation 39 4 equal participation 17 5 female appreciably more 44 6 females only 3 8 activity present 315 9 absent or unimportant activity 481 NA NA v54. Sex Differences: Agriculture Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=951; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 70 1 males only 161 2 males appreciably more 90 3 differentialted but equal participation 140 4 equal participation 227 5 female appreciably more 32 6 females only 231 9 absent or unimportant activity 314 NA NA v55. Age or Occupational Specialization: Metal Working Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=950; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 416 3 craft specialization 2 4 industrialized specialization 532 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 315 NA NA v56. Age or Occupational Specialization: Weaving Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=819; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 46 3 craft specialization 14 4 industrialized specialization 759 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 446 NA NA v57. Age or Occupational Specialization: Leather Working Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=611; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 64 3 craft specialization 4 4 industrialized specialization 543 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 654 NA NA v58. Age or Occupational Specialization: Pottery Making Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=841; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value Description 2 2 senior age specialization 65 3 craft specialization 8 4 industrialized specialization 766 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 424 NA NA v59. Age or Occupational Specialization: Boat Building Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=676; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 36 3 craft specialization 1 4 industrialized specialization 639 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 589 NA NA v60. Age or Occupational Specialization: House Construction Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=549; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 37 3 craft specialization 512 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 716 NA NA v61. Age or Occupational Specialization: Gathering Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=634; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 1 1 junior age specialization 633 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 631 NA NA v62. Age or Occupational Specialization: Hunting Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=938; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 1 1 junior age specialization 24 3 craft specialization 913 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 327 NA NA v63. Age or Occupational Specialization: Fishing Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=820; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 22 3 craft specialization 798 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 445 NA NA v64. Age or Occupational Specialization: Animal Husbandry Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=784; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 18 1 junior age specialization 3 3 craft specialization 763 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 481 NA NA v65. Age or Occupational Specialization: Agriculture Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=951; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 1 3 craft specialization 950 9 task absent oe age/ occupational specialization absent 314 NA NA v66. Class Stratification Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1083; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 532 1 absence among freemen 205 2 wealth distinctions 39 3 elite 228 4 dual 79 5 complex 182 NA NA v67. Class Stratification, Secondary Features Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1083; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 10 2 wealth distinctions 9 3 elite 11 4 dual 11 5 complex 1042 9 no secondary type 182 NA NA v68. Class Stratification (Endogamy) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1077; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value Description 914 1 absent or insignificant 103 2 despised occupational groups 33 3 ethnic stratification 27 4 complex 188 NA NA v69. Class Stratification (Endogamy), Secondary Type Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1077; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value Description 4 2 Despised occupational group 3 3 ethnic stratification 1070 5 No secondary type or absence of stratification 188 NA NA v70. Type of Slavery Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1095; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value Description 523 1 absence or near absence 128 2 incipient or nonhereditary 217 3 reported but type not identified 227 4 hereditary and socially significant 170 NA NA v71. Former Presence of Slavery Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1095; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 803 1 absent or exists currently and in past 292 2 fromerly present but not currently existing 170 NA NA v72. Succession to the Office of Local Headman Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=910; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 408 1 Patrilineal heir 101 2 Matrilineal heir 42 3 Appointment by higher authority 28 4 Senority or age 42 5 Influence, wealth or social status 100 6 Election or other formal consensus 87 7 Informal consensus 102 9 Absence of any such office 355 NA NA v73. Succession to the Office of Local Headman: Type of Hereditary Succession Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=910; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 307 1 hereditary by son 101 2 hereditary by other patrilineal heir 37 3 hereditary by a sister's son 64 4 hereditary by other matrilineal heir 299 5 nonhereditary 102 9 Absence of any such office 355 NA NA v74. Inheritance Rule for Real Property (Land) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=830; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 212 1 absence of individual property rights 31 2 matrilineal (sister's sons) 60 3 other matrilineal heirs 43 4 children, with daughters recieving less 55 5 children, equally for both sexes 90 6 other patrilineal heirs 339 7 patrilineal (sons) 435 NA NA v75. Inheritance Distribution for Real Property (Land) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=794; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 300 1 equal or relatively equal 19 2 exclusively 16 3 ultimogeniture 247 4 primogeniture 212 9 absence of inheritance of real property 471 NA NA v76. Inheritance Rule for Movable Property Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=884; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 132 1 absence of individual property rights or rules 45 2 Matrilineal 73 3 other matrilineal 67 4 children, with daughters receiving less 88 5 children, equally for both sexes 87 6 other patrilineal heirs 392 7 patrilineal 381 NA NA v77. Inheritance Distribution for Movable Property Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=883; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 433 1 equal or relatively equal 18 2 exclusively 14 3 ultimogeniture 244 4 primogeniture 174 9 absence of inheritance of real property 382 NA NA v78. Norms of Premarital Sexual Behavior of Girls Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=572; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 47 1 early marriage of females 146 2 insistence on virginity 114 3 prohibited but weakly censured 52 4 allowed, censured only if pregnancy 10 5 trial, marriage, promiscuous relation prohibited 203 6 freely permitted 693 NA NA v79. Prevailing Type of Dwelling: Ground Plan Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1171; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 6 1 semicircular 510 2 circular 42 3 elliptical or elongated with rounded ends 2 4 polygonal 560 5 rectangular or square 51 6 quadrangular around 94 NA NA v80. Prevailing Type of Dwelling: Floor Level Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1153; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value Description 82 1 subterranean or semi-subterranean 926 2 floor formed by ground 66 3 elevated slightly or raised platform 79 4 raised substantially on piles, posts, or piers 112 NA NA v81. Prevailing Type of Dwelling: Wall Material Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=747; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 61 1 stone, stucco, concrete, or fired brink 142 2 plaster, mud and dung, or wattle and daub 173 3 wood, including logs, planks, poles, bamboo, or shingles 19 4 bark 6 5 hides or skin 25 6 felt, cloth, or other fabrics 86 7 mats, latticework, or wattle 50 8 grass, leaves, or other thatch 185 9 adobe, clay, or dried brick 518 NA NA v82. Prevailing Type of Dwelling: Shape of Roof Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1109; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 38 1 rounded or semi-cylindrical 102 2 dome or hemisphere 58 3 beehive with pointed peak 350 4 conical 8 5 semi-hemisphere 15 6 shed 95 7 flat or horizontal 358 8 gabled 85 9 hipped or pyramidal 156 NA NA v83. Prevailing Type of Dwelling: Roofing Materials Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1134; Number of unique values=10 Freq Value Description 22 1 stone, slate, tile, or fired brink 12 2 plaster, clay, mud and dung, or wattle and daub 48 3 wood, including logs, planks, poles, bamboo, or shingles 38 4 bark 42 5 hides or skin 24 6 felt, cloth, or other fabrics 44 7 mats 772 8 grass, leaves, brush or other thatch 125 9 earth or turf 7 10 ice or snow 131 NA NA v84. Secondary or Alternative House Type: Ground Plan Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=333; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 7 1 semicircular 142 2 circular 11 3 elliptical or elongated with rounded ends 1 4 polygonal 163 5 rectangular or square 9 6 quadrangular around 932 NA NA v85. Secondary or Alternative House Type: Floor Level Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=331; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value Description 24 1 subhterranean or semi-subterranean 271 2 floor formed by ground 15 3 elevated slighty or on raise platform 21 4 raised substantially on piles, posts, or piers 934 NA NA v86. Secondary or Alternative House Type: Wall Material Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=175; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 20 1 stone, stucco, concrete, or fired brink 34 2 plaster, mud and dung, or wattle and daub 27 3 wood, including logs, planks, polees, bamboo, or shingles 8 4 bark 1 5 hides or skin 3 6 felt, cloth, or other fabrics 18 7 mats. latticework, or wattle 19 8 grass, leaves, or other thatch 45 9 adobe, clay, or dried brick 1090 NA NA v87. Secondary or Alternative House Type: Shape of Roof Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=312; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 1 1 rounded or semi cylindrical 28 2 dome or hemisphere 10 3 behive with pointed peak 102 4 conical 8 5 semi-hemisphere 8 6 shed 39 7 flat or horizontal 91 8 gabled 25 9 hipped or pyramidal 953 NA NA v88. Secondary or Alternative House Type: Roofing Materials Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=326; Number of unique values=9 Freq Value Description 10 1 stone, or slate, tile, fired brink 1 2 plaster, clay, mud and dung, or wattle and daub 10 3 wood, including logs, planks, poles, bamboo, or shingles 27 4 bark 26 5 hides or skin 3 6 felt, cloth, or other fabrics 33 7 mats 179 8 grass, leaves, brush, or other thatch 37 9 ice or snow 939 NA NA v89. Inclusion in Summary Atlas Volume (1967) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 402 1 no 863 2 yes v90. Political Integration (WES Column 15) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=312; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 23 1 absence, even at local level 131 2 autonomous local communities 9 3 peace groups transcending local communities 79 4 minimal states 28 5 little states 42 6 states 953 NA NA v91. Region Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value Description 414 A Africa 164 C Circum-Mediterranean 126 E East Eurasia 167 I Insular Pacific 285 N North America 109 S South America v92. Area within each region Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=60 First six non-missing records: society v92 Kung Aa Herero Ab Swazi Ab Ila Ac Pende Ac Bajun Ad v93. Ethnographic Atlas Number Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=67 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 16.747 min 1 max 67 sd 14.183 v94. Political Succession for the Local Community (WES Column 15) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=294; Number of unique values=11 Freq Value Description 67 11 PL, a son preferred to a younger brother 9 12 PL, a younger brother preferred to a son 61 13 PL, other than B or S 8 24 ML, a sister's son preferred to a younger brother 8 25 ML, a younger brother preferred to a sister's son 14 26 ML, other than SS or yB 11 39 appointment by some higher authority 26 49 election or formal consensus 41 59 informal consensus, personal influence or age 19 69 councils, or other collective body 30 99 absence of indigenous political authority 971 NA NA v95. Climate: Primary Environment (Coded by Frank Moore from Phillips Comparative Atlas) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=398; Number of unique values=15 Freq Value Description 11 23 Tundra (northern areas) 21 36 Northern coniferous forest 8 44 High plateau steppe 19 46 Temperate forest (mostly mountainous) 3 51 Desert (including arctic) 37 52 Desert grasses and shrubs 25 54 Temperate grasslands 11 55 Mediterranean (dry, deciduous, and evergreen forests) 16 56 Temperate woodland 5 65 Oases and certain restricted river valleys 24 74 Sub-tropical bush 27 78 Sub-tropical rain forest 64 84 Tropical grassland 14 87 Monsoon forest 113 88 Tropical rain forest 867 NA NA v96. Climate: Secondary Environments (Coded by Frank Moore from Phillips Comparative Atlas) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=397; Number of unique values=14 Freq Value Description 1 23 tundra 1 36 northern coniferous forest 4 46 temperate forest 1 51 desert 7 52 desert grasses and shrubs 1 54 temperate grasslands 7 56 temperate woodland 1 65 oases and certain restricted river valleys 1 74 sub-tropical bush 5 78 sub-tropical rain forest 17 84 tropical grassland 1 87 monsoon forest 9 88 tropical rain forest 341 99 no secondary environment 868 NA NA v97. Linguistic Affiliation: Language Continent Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1201; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value Description 531 1 Africa- Mideastern 214 2 East Eurasia 91 3 North Eurasisan 266 4 North American 99 5 South American 64 NA NA v98. Linguistic Affiliation: Language Phylum Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1201; Number of unique values=72 Stat Value nobs 1201 mean 20.933 min 1 max 99 sd 23.526 v99. Linguistic Affiliation: Subfamilies Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=670; Number of unique values=57 Stat Value nobs 670 mean 13.3 min 1 max 57 sd 14.306 v102. Date: Year with Century Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1256; Number of unique values=55 Stat Value nobs 1256 mean 1897.554 min -800 max 2000 sd 135.515 v104. Latitude Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=113 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 14.511 min -55 max 78 sd 22.142 v106. Longitude Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=286 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.553 min -190 max 179 sd 84.707 v107. Society name Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1265 First six non-missing records: society v107 Kung KUNG. . . Herero HERERO. . Swazi SWAZI . . Ila ILA . . . Pende PENDE . . Bajun BAJUN . . v112. Trance States Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=658; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value Description 135 1 Trance exists, no belief in possession 45 2 A belief in possession exists 67 3 Trance exists, sole explanation is possession, no other manifestations of possession 93 4 Possession is one of the explanations of trance, possession also has other manifestations 79 5 Trance exists, possession explains other phenomena, but not trance 85 6 Possession is sole cause of trance, but possession has manifestations other than trance 36 7 Possession is one of the explanations of trance, possession has no other manifestations 118 8 Trance does not exist, no belief in possession. 607 NA NA v113. Societal Rigidity Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=32; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value Description 13 1 Flexible 19 2 Rigid 1233 NA NA v114. Ethnographic Atlas Cluster number Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=641; Number of unique values=350 Stat Value nobs 641 mean 197.744 min 1 max 412 sd 119.664 ============================================================ SOURCE: Botero, C. A., Gardner, B., Kirby, K. R., Bulbulia, J., Gavin, M. C., & Gray, R. D. (2014). The ecology of religious beliefs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(47), 16784–16789. doi:10.1073/pnas.1408701111 ----------------------------------------------------------- stability. Ecological stability Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=594; Number of unique values=534 Stat Value nobs 594 mean 0.006 min -1.978 max 2.117 sd 0.998 abundance. Ecological abundance Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=594; Number of unique values=534 Stat Value nobs 594 mean 0.001 min -3.51 max 2.272 sd 0.997 ============================================================ E. Anthon Eff's supplementary data ============================================================ ============================================================ SOURCE: data from http://www.ethnologue.com/, assigned by E. Anthon Eff ----------------------------------------------------------- reg. Classification into Old World or New World. Used for calculation of linguistic proximity matrix. Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value 389 newWorld 876 oldWorld iso639.3. ISO 639-3 language code, used on Ethnologue (http://www.ethnologue.com/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1064 First six non-missing records: society iso639.3 Kung knw Herero her Swazi ssw Ila ilb Pende pem Bajun swh lang. Language name, from Ethnologue (http://www.ethnologue.com/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1061 First six non-missing records: society lang Kung Kungekoka Herero Herero Swazi Swati Ila Ila Pende Phende Bajun Swahili phyl. Language phylogenetic classification, from Ethnologue (http://www.ethnologue.com/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=786 First six non-missing records: society phyl Kung Khoisan, Southern Africa, Northern Herero Niger-congo, Atlantic-congo, Volta-congo, Benue-congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, R, Herero (r 30) Swazi Niger-congo, Atlantic-congo, Volta-congo, Benue-congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, S, Nguni (s 40) Ila Niger-congo, Atlantic-congo, Volta-congo, Benue-congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, M, Lenje-tonga (m 60), Tonga Pende Niger-congo, Atlantic-congo, Volta-congo, Benue-congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, K, Holu (k 10) Bajun Niger-congo, Atlantic-congo, Volta-congo, Benue-congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, G, Swahili (g 40) ============================================================ SOURCE: Hijmans, R.J., et al. 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25(15):1965-1978. data at http://www.worldclim.org/bioclim.htm (assigned by E. Anthon Eff) ----------------------------------------------------------- alt. BIOCLIM: Altitude (m) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=831 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 658.306 min -8 max 5322 sd 688.475 alt.sd. BIOCLIM: Altitude (m) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1229 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 142.957 min 0.568 max 1001.75 sd 156.748 alt.flag. BIOCLIM: Altitude (m) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 meanalt. BIOCLIM: Mean altitude within 20 km radius (m) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1230 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 662.163 min -7.53 max 6049.991 sd 683.242 sdalt. BIOCLIM: Standard deviation of altitude within 20 km radius (m) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1230 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 105.8 min 0.568 max 998.588 sd 126.982 bio.1. BIOCLIM: Annual Mean Temperature (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=303 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 195.695 min -164 max 300 sd 87.707 bio.1.sd. BIOCLIM: Annual Mean Temperature (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1224 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7.859 min 0 max 62.916 sd 8.622 bio.1.flag. BIOCLIM: Annual Mean Temperature (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.2. BIOCLIM: Mean Diurnal Range (Mean of monthly (max temp - min temp)) (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=149 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 115.962 min 43 max 190 sd 30.501 bio.2.sd. BIOCLIM: Mean Diurnal Range (Mean of monthly (max temp - min temp)) (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1212 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 2.343 min 0 max 24.256 sd 2.634 bio.2.flag. BIOCLIM: Mean Diurnal Range (Mean of monthly (max temp - min temp)) (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.3. BIOCLIM: Isothermality (bio_2/bio_7) (* 100) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=90 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 58.779 min 14 max 94.273 sd 18.911 bio.3.sd. BIOCLIM: Isothermality (bio_2/bio_7) (* 100) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1209 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.742 min 0 max 4.872 sd 0.516 bio.3.flag. BIOCLIM: Isothermality (bio_2/bio_7) (* 100) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.4. BIOCLIM: Temperature Seasonality (standard deviation *100) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1109 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 3567.314 min 111 max 20333 sd 3523.098 bio.4.sd. BIOCLIM: Temperature Seasonality (standard deviation *100) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1229 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 81.737 min 2.53 max 784.854 sd 99.647 bio.4.flag. BIOCLIM: Temperature Seasonality (standard deviation *100) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.5. BIOCLIM: Max Temperature of Warmest Month (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=279 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 310.725 min 61 max 460 sd 59.318 bio.5.sd. BIOCLIM: Max Temperature of Warmest Month (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1224 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 8.799 min 0 max 65.445 sd 9.555 bio.5.flag. BIOCLIM: Max Temperature of Warmest Month (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.6. BIOCLIM: Min Temperature of Coldest Month (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=429 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 85.255 min -426 max 257 sd 130.492 bio.6.sd. BIOCLIM: Min Temperature of Coldest Month (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1227 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7.394 min 0 max 69.785 sd 8.104 bio.6.flag. BIOCLIM: Min Temperature of Coldest Month (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.7. BIOCLIM: Temperature Annual Range (bio_5-bio_6) (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=400 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 225.696 min 54 max 658 sd 110.319 bio.7.sd. BIOCLIM: Temperature Annual Range (bio_5-bio_6) (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1226 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 4.276 min 0 max 42.465 sd 4.925 bio.7.flag. BIOCLIM: Temperature Annual Range (bio_5-bio_6) (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.8. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=314 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 204.667 min -93 max 351 sd 81.36 bio.8.sd. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1225 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 9.277 min 0 max 75.623 sd 10.987 bio.8.flag. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 4 5 4 6 bio.9. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=333 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 184.969 min -330 max 351 sd 111.011 bio.9.sd. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1225 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 9.565 min 0 max 100.815 sd 11.99 bio.9.flag. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 bio.10. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=267 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 240.152 min 13 max 358 sd 57.501 bio.10.sd. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1225 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 8.204 min 0 max 63.5 sd 8.94 bio.10.flag. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.11. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter (dgC*10) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=380 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 149.415 min -370 max 283.913 sd 126.984 bio.11.sd. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter (dgC*10) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1227 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7.516 min 0 max 65.1 sd 8.28 bio.11.flag. BIOCLIM: Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter (dgC*10) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.12. BIOCLIM: Annual Precipitation (mm) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1014 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1332.825 min 0 max 7038 sd 980.503 bio.12.sd. BIOCLIM: Annual Precipitation (mm) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1228 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 75.284 min 0 max 1195.045 sd 108.788 bio.12.flag. BIOCLIM: Annual Precipitation (mm) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 bio.13. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Wettest Month (mm) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=481 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 224.79 min 0 max 1184 sd 154.237 bio.13.sd. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Wettest Month (mm) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1225 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 13.702 min 0 max 344.75 sd 22.093 bio.13.flag. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Wettest Month (mm) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 bio.14. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Driest Month (mm) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=188 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 32.822 min 0 max 407 sd 53.953 bio.14.sd. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Driest Month (mm) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1035 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 2.776 min 0 max 57.831 sd 5.11 bio.14.flag. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Driest Month (mm) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 bio.15. BIOCLIM: Precipitation Seasonality (Coefficient of Variation) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=165 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 65.746 min 0 max 216 sd 33.573 bio.15.sd. BIOCLIM: Precipitation Seasonality (Coefficient of Variation) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1219 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 2.094 min 0 max 25.899 sd 2.041 bio.15.flag. BIOCLIM: Precipitation Seasonality (Coefficient of Variation) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 bio.16. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Wettest Quarter (mm) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=785 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 594.344 min 0 max 3308 sd 410.667 bio.16.sd. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Wettest Quarter (mm) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1228 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 34.787 min 0 max 748.847 sd 53.808 bio.16.flag. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Wettest Quarter (mm) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 bio.17. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Driest Quarter (mm) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=367 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 119.085 min 0 max 1354 sd 177.783 bio.17.sd. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Driest Quarter (mm) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1155 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 9.244 min 0 max 171.465 sd 15.932 bio.17.flag. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Driest Quarter (mm) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1243 0 6 3 10 4 4 5 2 6 bio.18. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Warmest Quarter (mm) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=618 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 319.728 min 0 max 1913 sd 291.781 bio.18.sd. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Warmest Quarter (mm) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1217 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 27.717 min 0 max 457.37 sd 43.155 bio.18.flag. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Warmest Quarter (mm) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 bio.19. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Coldest Quarter (mm) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=598 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 303.456 min 0 max 2713 sd 359.013 bio.19.sd. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Coldest Quarter (mm) { standard deviation within 20km radius } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1191 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 31.242 min 0 max 1011.584 sd 61.839 bio.19.flag. BIOCLIM: Precipitation of Coldest Quarter (mm) { flag for data quality, higher values poorer accuracy } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1243 0 5 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 6.30102999566398 ============================================================ SOURCE: Imhoff, M. L., & Bounoua, L. (2006). Exploring Global Patterns of Net Primary Production Carbon Supply and Demand Using Satellite Observations and Statistical Data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111(D22S12). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007377 Data: Imhoff, M. L., Bounoua, L., Ricketts, T., Loucks, C., Harriss, R., & Lawrence, W. T. (2004, 20141127). HANPP Collection: Human Appropriation of Net Primary Productivity as a Percentage of Net Primary Productivity. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.7927/H4W66HPJ ----------------------------------------------------------- mnnpp. Mean Net Primary Production within 50 km radius. (scaled) (Imhoff et al. 2004) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1210 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.056 min -1.329 max 2.458 sd 0.994 ============================================================ SOURCE: rectified by E. Anthon Eff ----------------------------------------------------------- long. Longitude (decimal degrees)--rectified Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=887 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.465 min -178.132 max 179.495 sd 84.687 lati. Latitude (decimal degrees)--rectified Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=771 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 14.489 min -55.427 max 77.49 sd 22.165 ============================================================ SOURCE: Olson, D. M, et al. 2001. Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on earth. BioScience 51:933-938 (assigned by E. Anthon Eff) ----------------------------------------------------------- ecoregion. WWF ecoregion. (Olson et al. 2001) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=376 First six non-missing records: society ecoregion Kung Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea Woodland Herero Kalahari Xeric Savanna Swazi Drakensburg Afro-montane Grassland and Woodland Ila Zambezian Flooded Grassland Pende Southern Congolian Forest-Savanna Mosaic Bajun East African Mangroves mht.name. WWF major habitat type. (Olson et al. 2001) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=16 Freq Value 24 Boreal forest/taigas 133 Deserts and xeric shrublands 12 Flooded grasslands 15 Mangroves 38 Mediterranean scrub 23 Montane grasslands 3 Snow, ice, glaciers, and rock 61 Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests 89 Temperate coniferous forests 49 Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands 18 Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests 57 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests 341 Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands 378 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests 21 Tundra 3 Water ============================================================ SOURCE: Kottek, M., et al. 2006. World Map of the Koeppen-Geiger climate classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263. DOI: 10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130. (assigned by E. Anthon Eff) ----------------------------------------------------------- koeppengei. Koeppen-Geiger climate classification code. (Kottek et al. 2006) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=25 Freq Value Description 174 Af Equatorial: fully humid 103 Am Equatorial: monsoonal 8 As Equatorial: summer dry 359 Aw Equatorial: winter dry 83 BSh Arid: steppe; hot 61 BSk Arid: steppe; cold 65 BWh Arid: desert; hot 14 BWk Arid: desert; cold 34 Cfa Warm Temperate: fully humid; hot summer 57 Cfb Warm Temperate: fully humid; warm summer 4 Cfc Warm Temperate: fully humid; cool summer 27 Csa Warm Temperate: summer dry; hot summer 60 Csb Warm Temperate: summer dry; warm summer 44 Cwa Warm Temperate: winter dry; hot summer 29 Cwb Warm Temperate: winter dry; warm summer 14 Dfa Snow: fully humid; hot summer 52 Dfb Snow: fully humid; warm summer 34 Dfc Snow: fully humid; cool summer 1 Dfd Snow: fully humid; extremely continental 4 Dsb Snow: summer dry; warm summer 1 Dsc Snow: summer dry; cool summer 3 Dwa Snow: winter dry; hot summer 3 Dwb Snow: winter dry; warm summer 1 Dwc Snow: winter dry; cool summer 30 ET Polar: tundra koepdesc. Koeppen-Geiger code description. (Kottek et al. 2006) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=25 Freq Value 14 Arid: desert; cold 65 Arid: desert; hot 61 Arid: steppe; cold 83 Arid: steppe; hot 174 Equatorial: fully humid 103 Equatorial: monsoonal 8 Equatorial: summer dry 359 Equatorial: winter dry 30 Polar: tundra 34 Snow: fully humid; cool summer 1 Snow: fully humid; extremely continental 14 Snow: fully humid; hot summer 52 Snow: fully humid; warm summer 1 Snow: summer dry; cool summer 4 Snow: summer dry; warm summer 1 Snow: winter dry; cool summer 3 Snow: winter dry; hot summer 3 Snow: winter dry; warm summer 4 Warm Temperate: fully humid; cool summer 34 Warm Temperate: fully humid; hot summer 57 Warm Temperate: fully humid; warm summer 27 Warm Temperate: summer dry; hot summer 60 Warm Temperate: summer dry; warm summer 44 Warm Temperate: winter dry; hot summer 29 Warm Temperate: winter dry; warm summer ============================================================ SOURCE: data from http://www.gadm.org/ (assigned by E. Anthon Eff) ----------------------------------------------------------- iso. ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country codes (GADM-2 data from http://www.gadm.org/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=151 First six non-missing records: society iso Kung NAM Herero NAM Swazi SWZ Ila ZMB Pende COD Bajun KEN name.0. Name of Country (GADM-2 data from http://www.gadm.org/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=151 First six non-missing records: society name.0 Kung Namibia Herero Namibia Swazi Swaziland Ila Zambia Pende Democratic Republic of the Congo Bajun Kenya name.1. Name of first subnational administrative level (GADM-2 data from http://www.gadm.org/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1252; Number of unique values=581 First six non-missing records: society name.1 Kung Otjozondjupa Herero Erongo Swazi Manzini Ila Southern Pende Kasai-Occidental Bajun Coast hasc.1. Hierarchical administrative subdivision code--level 1 (GADM-2 data from http://www.gadm.org/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1176; Number of unique values=576 First six non-missing records: society hasc.1 Kung NA.OD Herero NA.ER Swazi SZ.MA Ila ZM.SO Pende CD.KC Bajun KE.CO name.2. Name of second subnational administrative level (GADM-2 data from http://www.gadm.org/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1195; Number of unique values=953 First six non-missing records: society name.2 Kung Tsumkwe Herero Omaruru Ila Itezhi-Tezhi Pende Kasai Bajun Lamu Nyoro Kibanda hasc.2. Hierarchical administrative subdivision code--level 2 (GADM-2 data from http://www.gadm.org/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=847; Number of unique values=701 First six non-missing records: society hasc.2 Kung NA.OD.TS Herero NA.ER.OM Ila ZM.SO.IT Bajun KE.CO.LM Kpe CM.SW.FA Fon BJ.ZO.DJ name.3. Name of third subnational administrative level (GADM-2 data from http://www.gadm.org/) Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=526; Number of unique values=467 First six non-missing records: society name.3 Pende Thikapa Bajun Kiunga Nyoro Kiryandongo Amba Irumu Kissi Beindou Bambara Dioila ============================================================ SOURCE: assignment by E. Anthon Eff ----------------------------------------------------------- continent. Continent Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value 535 Africa 215 Asia 13 Australia 30 Europe 307 North America 75 Oceania 90 South America region. Major sub-continental geographic region Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=24 Freq Value 9 Asiatic Russia 14 Australia/New Zealand 3 Caribbean 41 Central America 3 Central Asia 148 Eastern Africa 28 Eastern Asia 8 Eastern Europe 8 European Russia 63 Melanesia 21 Micronesia 123 Middle Africa 70 Northern Africa 263 Northern America 3 Northern Europe 19 Polynesia 90 South America 67 Southeastern Asia 18 Southern Africa 63 Southern Asia 9 Southern Europe 176 Western Africa 16 Western Asia 2 Western Europe ============================================================ SOURCE: FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISS-CAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria. ----------------------------------------------------------- flag1. Data quality flag 1 { Dummy==1 where imputed values used for: "noaddprop", "gelic", "petric", "vertic" } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value 1222 0 43 1 noaddprop. No additional soil properties (not gelic, petric, or vertic) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=43 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 94.866 min 0 max 100 sd 17.634 gelic. Gelic properties refer to soils having permafrost within 200 cm from the soil surface. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=15 Freq Value 1229 0 10 4 2 10 3 14 1 16 1 18 2 20 1 24 1 33 1 34 1 66 3 70 3 80 1 90 6 100 petric. Petric properties refer to strongly cemented or indurated layer starting within 100 cm from the soil surface. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 1253 0 3 2 1 5 2 10 1 15 2 25 2 30 1 100 vertic. Vertic properties refer to cracks of more than 1 cm wide occurring in the upper part of the soil. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=33 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 3.767 min 0 max 100 sd 14.911 flag2. Data quality flag 2 { Dummy==1 where imputed values used for: "clayheavy", "claylight", "clayloam", "loam", "loamysand", "sand", "sandyclay", "sandyclayloam", "sandyloam", "siltloam", "siltyclay", "siltyclayloam" } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value 1198 0 67 1 clayheavy. Percent of soil in soil texture category 1, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=29 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.975 min 0 max 100 sd 9.68 siltyclay. Percent of soil in soil texture category 2, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=14 Freq Value 1245 0 4 3 2 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 10 2 15 1 20 1 30 1 50 1 70 3 100 claylight. Percent of soil in soil texture category 3, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=47 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 14.579 min 0 max 100 sd 25.925 siltyclayloam. Percent of soil in soil texture category 4, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=20 Freq Value 1223 0 1 4 2 5 5 6 1 9 3 10 4 11 1 12 2 13 1 15 4 16 1 18 1 19 1 20 1 22 1 26 5 30 2 50 4 60 2 100 clayloam. Percent of soil in soil texture category 5, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=38 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 5.436 min 0 max 100 sd 16.804 siltloam. Percent of soil in soil texture category 7, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=23 Freq Value 1197 0 5 2 2 4 3 5 5 6 3 8 1 9 14 10 1 11 2 12 1 13 1 15 1 17 3 20 1 25 7 30 1 33 1 40 2 60 3 70 1 75 2 90 8 100 sandyclay. Percent of soil in soil texture category 8, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=25 Freq Value 1200 0 4 2 7 3 9 4 3 5 3 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 10 3 15 4 20 2 25 4 30 2 35 1 45 2 50 1 55 1 58 2 60 1 65 4 70 1 72 1 80 1 100 loam. Percent of soil in soil texture category 9, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=47 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 39.786 min 0 max 100 sd 38.512 sandyclayloam. Percent of soil in soil texture category 10, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=40 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 14.24 min 0 max 100 sd 25.293 sandyloam. Percent of soil in soil texture category 11, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=38 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 8.798 min 0 max 100 sd 21.527 loamysand. Percent of soil in soil texture category 12, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=39 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 4.527 min 0 max 100 sd 14.199 sand. Percent of soil in soil texture category 13, where 1 is finest soil and 13 is the coarsest. Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=32 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 4.263 min 0 max 100 sd 16.366 flag3. Data quality flag 3 { Dummy==1 where imputed values used for: "issoil", "t_texture", "drainage", "awc_class", "t_gravel", "t_sand", "t_silt", "t_clay", "t_usda_tex_class", "t_ref_bulk_density", "t_bulk_density", "t_oc", "t_ph_h2o", "t_cec_clay", "t_cec_soil", "t_bs", "t_teb", "t_caco3", "t_caso4", "t_esp", "t_ece", "s_gravel", "s_sand", "s_silt", "s_clay", "s_usda_tex_class", "s_ref_bulk_density", "s_bulk_density", "s_oc", "s_ph_h2o", "s_cec_clay", "s_cec_soil", "s_bs", "s_teb", "s_caco3", "s_caso4", "s_esp", "s_ece","su_symbol", "su_value" } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=2 Freq Value 1227 0 38 1 issoil. Proportion of sampled area that is soil Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=14 Freq Value 29 0 7 0.5 3 0.66 1 0.7 1 0.732 2 0.75 1 0.8 1 0.812 1 0.88 9 0.9 2 0.932 1 0.96 8 0.98 1199 1 t_texture. Texture of topsoil (higher values coarser texture) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=94 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.983 min 0 max 3 sd 0.541 drainage. Drainage of soil (higher values better drainage) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=127 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 3.504 min 0 max 6 sd 1.017 awc_class. Available Water storage Capacity (higher values less water storage capacity) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=114 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 2.036 min 0 max 6.2 sd 1.334 t_gravel. Percent of topsoil consisting of gravel Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=31 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7.639 min 0 max 36 sd 5.822 t_sand. Percent of topsoil consisting of sand Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=87 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 42.062 min 0 max 97 sd 16.018 t_silt. Percent of topsoil consisting of silt Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=56 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 24.845 min 0 max 79 sd 10.028 t_clay. Percent of topsoil consisting of clay Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=60 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 23.171 min 0 max 72 sd 11.268 t_usda_tex_class. Measure of topsoil texture (higher values coarser texture) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=207 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7.996 min 0 max 13 sd 2.604 t_ref_bulk_density. Bulk density = topsoil mass/topsoil volume. Calculations based on texture only. { Bulk density is inversely related to porosity. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=441 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.364 min 0 max 1.833 sd 0.241 t_bulk_density. Bulk density = topsoil mass/topsoil volume. Calculations based on texture, organic matter content, and porosity. { Bulk density is inversely related to porosity. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=485 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.289 min 0 max 1.7 sd 0.261 t_oc. Percentage of organic carbon in topsoil. { Organic Carbon is together with pH, the best simple indicator of the health status of the soil. Moderate to high amounts of organic carbon are associated with fertile soils with a good structure. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=726 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.883 min 0 max 35.27 sd 3.3 t_ph_h2o. pH of topsoil. { Low values are acidic; high values alkaline. Best soils for most crops lie in 5.5 to 7.2 range. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=442 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 5.91 min 0 max 8.4 sd 1.357 t_cec_clay. Cation exchange capacity of the clay fraction in topsoil. { The total nutrient fixing capacity of a soil is well expressed by its Cation Exchange Capacity. Soils with low CEC have little resilience and can not build up stores of nutrients. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=593 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 38.038 min 0 max 140 sd 21.052 t_cec_soil. Cation exchange capacity in topsoil. { The total nutrient fixing capacity of a soil is well expressed by its Cation Exchange Capacity. Soils with low CEC have little resilience and can not build up stores of nutrients. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=409 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 14.682 min 0 max 121 sd 10.973 t_bs. Base saturation in topsoil. { The base saturation measures the sum of exchangeable cations (nutrients) Na, Ca, Mg and K as a percentage of the overall exchange capacity of the soil (including the same cations plus H and Al). The value often shows a near linear correlation with pH. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=543 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 66.387 min 0 max 100 sd 27.564 t_teb. Total exchangable bases in topsoil. { Total exchangeable bases stand for the sum of exchangeable cations in a soil: sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and Potassium (K). } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=717 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 11.036 min 0 max 58.25 sd 9.08 t_caco3. Calcium carbonate (lime) content in topsoil. { Low levels of calcium carbonate enhance soil structure and are generally beneficial for crop production but at higher concentrations they may induce iron deficiency and when cemented limit the water storage capacity of soils. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=327 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.405 min 0 max 22.7 sd 2.704 t_caso4. Calcium sulphate (gypsum) content in topsoil { Up to 2 percent gypsum in the soil favours plant growth, between 2 and 25 percent has little or no adverse effect if in powdery form, but more than 25 percent can cause substantial reduction in yields. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=98 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.056 min 0 max 6.9 sd 0.289 t_esp. Exchangeable sodium percentage in the topsoil { Exchangeable sodium percentage has been used to indicate levels of sodium in soils. It is calculated as the ratio of Na in the CEC (or sum of cations) ESP= Na*100/CECsoil } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=187 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 2.523 min 0 max 43.4 sd 2.831 t_ece. Electrical conductivity of topsoil { Salt content of a soil can be roughly estimated from the Electrical Conductivity of the soil (EC, expressed in dS m-1). Crops vary considerably in their resistance and response to salt in soils. Some crops will suffer at values as little as 2 dS m-1 (Spinach) others can stand up to 16 dS m-1 (Date palm). } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=170 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.287 min 0 max 12.52 sd 0.88 s_gravel. Percent of subsoil consisting of gravel Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=30 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7.383 min 0 max 38 sd 6.22 s_sand. Percent of subsoil consisting of sand Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=88 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 38.565 min 0 max 96 sd 17.103 s_silt. Percent of subsoil consisting of silt Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=56 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 22.356 min 0 max 83 sd 10.54 s_clay. Percent of subsoil consisting of clay Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=66 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 27.306 min 0 max 77 sd 13.565 s_usda_tex_class. Measure of subsoil texture (higher values coarser texture) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=227 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 5.906 min 0 max 13 sd 2.872 s_ref_bulk_density. Bulk density = subsoil mass/subsoil volume. Calculations based on texture only. { Bulk density is inversely related to porosity. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=550 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.18 min 0 max 1.822 sd 0.357 s_bulk_density. Bulk density = subsoil mass/subsoil volume. Calculations based on texture, organic matter content, and porosity. { Bulk density is inversely related to porosity. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=573 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.182 min 0 max 1.76 sd 0.381 s_oc. Percentage of organic carbon in subsoil. { Organic Carbon is together with pH, the best simple indicator of the health status of the soil. Moderate to high amounts of organic carbon are associated with fertile soils with a good structure. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=575 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.056 min 0 max 39.16 sd 3.199 s_ph_h2o. pH of subsoil. { Low values are acidic; high values alkaline. Best soils for most crops lie in 5.5 to 7.2 range. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=490 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 5.267 min 0 max 8.85 sd 1.82 s_cec_clay. Cation exchange capacity of the clay fraction in subsoil. { The total nutrient fixing capacity of a soil is well expressed by its Cation Exchange Capacity. Soils with low CEC have little resilience and can not build up stores of nutrients. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=567 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 33.567 min 0 max 140 sd 23.04 s_cec_soil. Cation exchange capacity in subsoil. { The total nutrient fixing capacity of a soil is well expressed by its Cation Exchange Capacity. Soils with low CEC have little resilience and can not build up stores of nutrients. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=391 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 11.996 min 0 max 120 sd 10.883 s_bs. Base saturation in subsoil. { The base saturation measures the sum of exchangeable cations (nutrients) Na, Ca, Mg and K as a percentage of the overall exchange capacity of the soil (including the same cations plus H and Al). The value often shows a near linear correlation with pH. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=552 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 56.728 min 0 max 100 sd 30.134 s_teb. Total exchangable bases in subsoil. { Total exchangeable bases stand for the sum of exchangeable cations in a soil: sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and Potassium (K). } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=710 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 9.947 min 0 max 67.56 sd 10.23 s_caco3. Calcium carbonate (lime) content in subsoil. { Low levels of calcium carbonate enhance soil structure and are generally beneficial for crop production but at higher concentrations they may induce iron deficiency and when cemented limit the water storage capacity of soils. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=319 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1.685 min 0 max 26.89 sd 3.609 s_caso4. Calcium sulphate (gypsum) content in subsoil { Up to 2 percent gypsum in the soil favours plant growth, between 2 and 25 percent has little or no adverse effect if in powdery form, but more than 25 percent can cause substantial reduction in yields. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=114 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.081 min 0 max 11.6 sd 0.411 s_esp. Exchangeable sodium percentage in the subsoil { Exchangeable sodium percentage has been used to indicate levels of sodium in soils. It is calculated as the ratio of Na in the CEC (or sum of cations) ESP= Na*100/CECsoil } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=208 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 2.729 min 0 max 59 sd 3.908 s_ece. Electrical conductivity of subsoil { Salt content of a soil can be roughly estimated from the Electrical Conductivity of the soil (EC, expressed in dS m-1). Crops vary considerably in their resistance and response to salt in soils. Some crops will suffer at values as little as 2 dS m-1 (Spinach) others can stand up to 16 dS m-1 (Date palm). } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=211 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.525 min 0 max 13.16 sd 1.366 su_symbol. Symbol for HWSD spatially dominant major soil group. Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=34 First six non-missing records: society su_symbol Kung LP Herero CM Swazi RG Ila LV Pende AR Bajun FL su_value. Name of HWSD spatially dominant major soil group. Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=34 First six non-missing records: society su_value Kung Leptosols Herero Cambisols Swazi Regosols Ila Luvisols Pende Arenosols Bajun Fluvisols ============================================================ SOURCE: Fischer, G., F. Nachtergaele, S. Prieler, H.T. van Velthuizen, L. Verelst, D. Wiberg, 2008. Global Agro-ecological Zones Assessment for Agriculture (GAEZ 2008). IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy. http://www.iiasa.ac.at ----------------------------------------------------------- sq1. Nutrient availability { Soil texture, soil organic carbon, soil pH, total exchangeable bases } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 63 0 506 1 350 2 271 3 22 4 7 5 31 6 15 7 sq2. Nutrient retention capacity { Soil Organic carbon, Soil texture, base saturation, cation exchange capacity of soil and of clay fraction } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 63 0 608 1 420 2 112 3 9 4 7 5 31 6 15 7 sq3. Rooting conditions { Soil textures, bulk density, coarse fragments, vertic soil properties and soil phases affecting root penetration and soil depth and soil volume } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 63 0 808 1 174 2 104 3 34 4 36 5 31 6 15 7 sq4. Oxygen availability to roots { Soil drainage and soil phases affecting soil drainage } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 63 0 944 1 119 2 60 3 24 4 9 5 31 6 15 7 sq5. Excess salts. { Soil salinity, soil sodicity and soil phases influencing salt conditions } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 63 0 1044 1 71 2 26 3 9 4 6 5 31 6 15 7 sq6. Toxicity { Calcium carbonate and gypsum } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 63 0 1109 1 25 2 12 3 3 4 7 5 31 6 15 7 sq7. Workability (constraining field management) { Soil texture, effective soil depth/volume, and soil phases constraining soil management (soil depth, rock outcrop, stoniness, gravel/concretions and hardpans) } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=8 Freq Value 63 0 722 1 232 2 117 3 52 4 33 5 31 6 15 7 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:dicgsh1. (2013, Jan 10). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 18:00, February 10, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:dicgsh1&rev=1357843759. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. dicgsh1a. Distance to the coast line in km based on GSHHS { Negative values show distance across land to coastline; Postive values show distance across water to coastline (very small islands have positive values) } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=896 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean -399.668 min -2247.5 max 1067.5 sd 418.867 dicgsh1a.flag. Distance to the coast line in km based on GSHHS { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1 Freq Value 1265 0 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:etmnts3. (2013, Nov 3). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 22:23, February 10, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:etmnts3&rev=1383494293. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. etmnts2a. Long-term MODIS-estimated Evapotranspiration (MOD16) (mm/year) Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1174 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7501.047 min 43 max 18639 sd 4608.844 etmnts2a.flag. Long-term MODIS-estimated Evapotranspiration (MOD16) (mm/year) { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1187 0 2 1 49 4 23 5 4 6 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:g12igb3. (2013, Nov 4). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 23:11, February 10, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:g12igb3&rev=1383553116. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. g12igb3a. Land cover type 1 (IGBP) for year 2012 Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=17 Freq Value 36 0 51 1 233 2 1 3 13 4 43 5 4 6 78 7 165 8 104 9 125 10 21 11 108 12 35 13 189 14 5 15 54 16 g12igb3a.flag. Land cover type 1 (IGBP) for year 2012 { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1 Freq Value 1265 0 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:twisre3. (2013, May 1). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 23:09, February 10, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:twisre3&rev=1367407809. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. twisre3a. SAGA GIS Topographic wetness index { Sorensen, R., Zinko, U., & Seibert, J. (2006). On the calculation of the topographic wetness index: evaluation of different methods based on field observations. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 10(1), 101-112. doi:10.5194/hess-10-101-2006 } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=110 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 114.484 min 50 max 165 sd 21.261 twisre3a.flag. SAGA GIS Topographic wetness index { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value 1236 0 9 3 19 4 1 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:l3pobi3. (2013, Nov 4). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 03:05, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:l3pobi3&rev=1383582266. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. l3pobi3b. Physiographic landform units Level 3 (SCALA project) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value Description 74 1 flat plains 69 2 high hills 223 3 high mountains 27 4 irregular plains 251 5 low mountains 219 6 rough low hills 402 7 smooth low hills l3pobi3b.flag. Physiographic landform units Level 3 (SCALA project) { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value 1236 0 7 3 19 4 3 5 l3pobi3b.navn. Physiographic landform units Level 3 (SCALA project) { names of categories } Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value 74 flat plains 69 high hills 223 high mountains 27 irregular plains 251 low mountains 219 rough low hills 402 smooth low hills ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:opisre3. (2013, May 2). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 03:08, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:opisre3&rev=1367479588. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. opisre2a. SAGA GIS Topopgraphic Openess Index { Topographic openess developed by Yokoyama R, Shirasawa M and Pike RJ, 2002, Visualizing topography by Openness: A new applicationof image processing to digital elevation models. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 68(3): 257-265. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=144 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 1548.587 min 1227 max 1620 sd 32.819 opisre2a.flag. SAGA GIS Topopgraphic Openess Index { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value 1256 0 8 4 1 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:geaisg3. (2013, Oct 30). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 03:45, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:geaisg3&rev=1383149038. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. geaisg3a. Geological ages based on the surface geology Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=57 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 56.563 min 1 max 92 sd 25.273 geaisg3a.flag. Geological ages based on the surface geology { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value 1213 0 6 3 7 4 2 5 14 6 14 6.30102999566398 9 999 geaisg3a.navn. Geological ages based on the surface geology { names of categories } Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=57 First six non-missing records: society geaisg3a.navn Kung Cenozoic Herero Precambrian Swazi Precambrian Ila Quaternary Pende Cretaceous Bajun Holocene ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:glcjrc3. (2012, Aug 21). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 03:47, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:glcjrc3&rev=1345532060. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. glcjrc3a. Global Land Cover map for the year 2000 (GLC2000) Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=22 Freq Value Description 188 1 No data 54 2 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed 72 3 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open 106 4 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, evergreen 1 5 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, deciduous 12 6 Tree Cover, mixed leaf type 10 7 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, fresh water 7 8 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, saline water 38 9 Mosaic: Tree Cover / Other natural vegetation 1 10 Tree Cover, burnt 20 11 Shrub Cover, closed-open, evergreen 148 12 Shrub Cover, closed-open, deciduous 91 13 Herbaceous Cover, closed-open 54 14 Sparse herbaceous or sparse shrub cover 9 15 Regularly flooded shrub and/or herbaceous cover 174 16 Cultivated and managed areas 83 17 Mosaic: Cropland / Tree Cover / Other natural vege 64 18 Mosaic: Cropland / Shrub and/or grass cover 44 19 Bare Areas 67 20 Water Bodies 6 21 Snow and Ice 16 22 Artificial surfaces and associated areas glcjrc3a.flag. Global Land Cover map for the year 2000 (GLC2000) { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value 1246 0 16 4 3 999 glcjrc3a.navn. Global Land Cover map for the year 2000 (GLC2000) { names of categories } Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=22 Freq Value 16 Artificial surfaces and associated areas 44 Bare Areas 174 Cultivated and managed areas 91 Herbaceous Cover, closed-open 64 Mosaic: Cropland / Shrub and/or grass cover 83 Mosaic: Cropland / Tree Cover / Other natural vege 38 Mosaic: Tree Cover / Other natural vegetation 188 No data 9 Regularly flooded shrub and/or herbaceous cover 148 Shrub Cover, closed-open, deciduous 20 Shrub Cover, closed-open, evergreen 6 Snow and Ice 54 Sparse herbaceous or sparse shrub cover 54 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed 72 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open 1 Tree Cover, burnt 12 Tree Cover, mixed leaf type 1 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, deciduous 106 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, evergreen 10 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, fresh water 7 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, saline water 67 Water Bodies ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:inmsre3. (2013, Jan 22). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 03:50, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:inmsre3&rev=1358848418. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. inmsre3a. Mean potential incoming solar radiation (8-day average) derived in SAGA GIS Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=27 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 35.002 min 21 max 58 sd 2.514 inmsre3a.flag. Mean potential incoming solar radiation (8-day average) derived in SAGA GIS { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1233 0 1 1 9 3 21 4 1 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:inssre3. (2013, Jan 22). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 03:50, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:inssre3&rev=1358848394. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. inssre2a. Standard deviation of the potential incoming solar radiation derived in SAGA GIS Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1047 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 21.356 min 18.392 max 32.815 sd 0.957 inssre2a.flag. Standard deviation of the potential incoming solar radiation derived in SAGA GIS { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1237 0 1 3 21 4 5 5 1 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:evmmod3. (2012, Aug 29). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 04:00, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:evmmod3&rev=1346248114. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. evmmod2a. Mean value of the monthly MODIS EVI time series data { Enhanced Vegetation Index: https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/modis_products_table/mod13q1 } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1107 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 3035.746 min -2999 max 7083 sd 1573.098 evmmod2a.flag. Mean value of the monthly MODIS EVI time series data { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value 1256 0 8 4 1 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: wiki:lammod3. (2012, Nov 18). In WorldGrids. Retrieved 04:04, February 11, 2014, from http://worldgrids.org/doku.php?id=wiki:lammod3&rev=1353239241. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and descriptions obtained from http://worldgrids.org. Resolution 1 km gridcell. lammod3a. Mean value of the monthly MODIS EVI time series data { Leaf Area Index: https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/modis_products_table/mod15a2 } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=56 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 16.054 min 0 max 56 sd 14.167 lammod3a.flag. Mean value of the monthly MODIS EVI time series data { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1110 0 17 1 38 3 72 4 24 5 4 6 ============================================================ SOURCE: (1) Climate Research Unit, Univ. of East Anglia. Available at http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/~markn/cru05/cru05_intro.html. (2) New, M.G., M. Hulme and P.D. Jones, 1999: Representing 20th century space-time climate variability. I: Development of a 1961-1990 mean monthly terrestrial climatology. J. Climate. 12, 829-856. ----------------------------------------------------------- anntotprecip. Average Annual Total Precipitation { The total amount of precipitation that falls during an average year (1960 to 1990) in units of millimeters (mm3 per year / mm2 = mm / year). } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=18 Freq Value 258 0 192 1 249 2 178 3 137 4 74 5 59 6 51 7 35 8 16 9 8 10 2 11 1 12 1 13 1 15 1 16 1 18 1 20 anntotprecip.flag. Average Annual Total Precipitation { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value 1245 0 14 5 6 6 avgannrh. Average Annual Relative Humidity { Relative humidity is defined as the ratio of the actual vapor pressure of water vapor to the saturation vapor pressure of water, in other words how much water is in the air divided by the most water that could possibly be there. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=79 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 66.527 min -1 max 97 sd 15.179 avgannrh.flag. Average Annual Relative Humidity { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=4 Freq Value 1244 0 7 4 9 5 5 6 avgannrunoff. The total volume of water running over the surface in a year-averaged over the gridcell. { the volume of water running over this gridcell divided by the area of the gridcell itself (mm3 per year / mm2 over 1 yr = mm/yr) } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=651 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 489.526 min 0 max 3895 sd 629.301 avgannrunoff.flag. The total volume of water running over the surface in a year-averaged over the gridcell. { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1124 0 8 1 61 5 39 6 13 6.30102999566398 20 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: Willmott, Cort J., and Matsuura Kenji (2001): Terrestrial Water Budget Data Archive: Monthly Time Series (1950-1999). Available: http://climate.geog.udel.edu/~climate/html_pages/README.wb_ts2.html. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and variable descriptions are downloaded from the Atlas of the Biosphere, a product of the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), part of the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin - Madison (http://www.sage.wisc.edu/atlas/). Resolution is 30 arc minutes. evapotrans. Evapotranspiration { The amount of water removed from the surface through evaporation (due to temperature, humidity, radiation...) and through transpiration (the process by which plants move water up from their roots and out through their leaves). Evapotranspiration can be used to estimate the amount of water the local vegetation needs to remain in equilibrium with the ground water supply. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1143 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 65.575 min 0.219 max 163.854 sd 33.44 evapotrans.flag. Evapotranspiration { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1139 0 10 1 66 5 29 6 16 6.30102999566398 5 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: (1) Climate Research Unit, Univ. of East Anglia. Available at http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/~markn/cru05/cru05_intro.html. (2) New, M.G., M. Hulme and P.D. Jones, 1999: Representing 20th century space-time climate variability. I: Development of a 1961-1990 mean monthly terrestrial climatology. J. Climate. 12, 829-856. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and variable descriptions are downloaded from the Atlas of the Biosphere, a product of the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), part of the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin - Madison (http://www.sage.wisc.edu/atlas/). Resolution is 30 arc minutes. gdd. Growing Degree Days { The Growing Degree Day (GDD) is based on the fact that if temperature is too hot or cold, plant growth will slow. GDD is calculated for a range specific to a particular plant or suite of plants. Taking corn as an example, it grows with a minimum temperature of 10?C and a maximum temperature of 30?C. So if one day the maximum temperature is 21?C and the minimum temperature is 15?C, the average temperature of that day was 18?C. To determine how many GDD were in that day, simply subtract the base temperature from the average temperature (18?C-10?C) remembering that this all happened on one day. Thus for this example, there were 8 GDD accumulated by the corn during that day. Had the base temperature been 5?C, there would have been 13 GDD accumulated. Annual GDD is the average number of GDD accumulated in a particular area under normal climatic conditions. In this dataset, a base temperature of 5?C was used to compute monthly GDD and those monthly values were then totaled to yield an annual number. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1072 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 5590.687 min 0 max 8714 sd 2510.766 gdd.flag. Growing Degree Days { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=3 Freq Value 1245 0 14 5 6 6 ============================================================ SOURCE: (1) Foley, J.A., I.C. Prentice, N. Ramankutty, S. Levis, D. Pollard, S. Sitch, and A. Haxeltine (1996) An Integrated Biosphere Model of Land Surface Processes, Terrestrial Carbon Balance and Vegetation Dynamics, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 10, 603-628. (2) Kucharik, C.J., J.A. Foley, C. Delire, V.A. Fisher, M.T. Coe, J. Lenters, C. Young-Molling, N. Ramankutty, J.M. Norman, and S.T. Gower (2000): Testing the performance of a dynamic global ecosystem model: Water balance, carbon balance and vegetation structure. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 14(3), 795-825. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and variable descriptions are downloaded from the Atlas of the Biosphere, a product of the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), part of the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin - Madison (http://www.sage.wisc.edu/atlas/). Resolution is 30 arc minutes. npp. Net Primary Productivity { NPP is calculated by taking the gross primary productivity (the total amount of energy/mass taken in by the plant) and subtracting the plant's respiration (the total amount of energy/mass lost by the plant as it breathes). NPP is measured in units of kg-Carbon per square meter per year, or the net amount of carbon the plants in an average square meter of the gridcell take up during an average year. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=702 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.556 min -0.004 max 1.315 sd 0.332 npp.flag. Net Primary Productivity { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1102 0 16 1 40 5 51 6 24 6.30102999566398 32 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: Willmott, Cort J., and Matsuura Kenji (2001): Terrestrial Water Budget Data Archive: Monthly Time Series (1950-1999). Available: http://climate.geog.udel.edu/~climate/html_pages/README.wb_ts2.html. ----------------------------------------------------------- pevapotrans. Potential evapotranspiration { The amount of water that would be removed from the surface by evaporation and transpiration, if the amount of water already present were not a limiting factor. In other words, the potential evapotranspiration over the Sahara desert is very large because the amount of evaporation that could take place there is huge. However, because there isn't any water there to be evaporated, the evapotranspiration that actually takes place is quite small. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1139 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 93.389 min 0.559 max 163.896 sd 35.235 pevapotrans.flag. Potential evapotranspiration { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1139 0 10 1 66 5 29 6 16 6.30102999566398 5 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: Ramankutty, N., and J.A. Foley (1999). Estimating historical changes in land cover: North American croplands from 1850 to 1992. Global Ecology and Biogeography 8, 381-396. ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and variable descriptions are downloaded from the Atlas of the Biosphere, a product of the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), part of the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin - Madison (http://www.sage.wisc.edu/atlas/). Resolution is 30 arc minutes. potentialveg. Potential Vegetation { Potential vegetation is the vegetation that would exist at a given location had human forms of land use never existed. In other words, if humans weren't around, this would be an accurate description of the planet's land cover. } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=15 Freq Value Description 356 1 Tropical Evergreen Forest/Woodland 68 2 Tropical Deciduous Forest/Woodland 6 3 Temperate Broadleaf Evergreen Forest/Woodland 68 4 Temperate Needleleaf Evergreen Forest/Woodland 30 5 Temperate Deciduous Forest/Woodland 31 6 Boreal Evergreen Forest/Woodland 1 7 Boreal Deciduous Forest/Woodland 60 8 Mixed Forest 347 9 Savanna 95 10 Grassland/Steppe 40 11 Dense Shrubland 93 12 Open Shrubland 19 13 Tundra 47 14 Desert 4 15 Polar desert/Rock/Ice potentialveg.flag. Potential Vegetation { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=7 Freq Value 1162 0 4 1 21 4 10 5 20 6 22 6.30102999566398 26 999 potentialveg.navn. Potential Vegetation { names of categories } Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=15 Freq Value 1 Boreal Deciduous Forest/Woodland 31 Boreal Evergreen Forest/Woodland 40 Dense Shrubland 47 Desert 95 Grassland/Steppe 60 Mixed Forest 93 Open Shrubland 4 Polar desert/Rock/Ice 347 Savanna 6 Temperate Broadleaf Evergreen Forest/Woodland 30 Temperate Deciduous Forest/Woodland 68 Temperate Needleleaf Evergreen Forest/Woodland 68 Tropical Deciduous Forest/Woodland 356 Tropical Evergreen Forest/Woodland 19 Tundra ============================================================ SOURCE: Willmott, Cort J., and Matsuura Kenji (2001): Terrestrial Water Budget Data Archive: Monthly Time Series (1950-1999). Available: http://climate.geog.udel.edu/~climate/html_pages/README.wb_ts2.html. ----------------------------------------------------------- snowdepth. Snow depth { The average annual snow depth--natural log scale, range is from 10^-20mm (trace) to 10^10mm (greater than a kilometer). } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=346 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 7.328 min 0 max 659.211 sd 33.25 snowdepth.flag. Snow depth { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=5 Freq Value 1139 0 11 5 13 6 5 6.30102999566398 97 999 soilmoisture. Soil Moisture { The average amount of water in the soil } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1125 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 71.963 min 0.1 max 150 sd 42.939 soilmoisture.flag. Soil Moisture { data quality flag--higher numbers are less accurate } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1139 0 10 1 66 5 29 6 16 6.30102999566398 5 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: Ramankutty, N., Foley, J. A., Norman, J., & McSweeney, K. (2002). The global distribution of cultivable lands: current patterns and sensitivity to possible climate change. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 11(5), 377?392. doi:10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00294.x ----------------------------------------------------------- Grids and variable descriptions are downloaded from the Atlas of the Biosphere, a product of the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), part of the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin - Madison (http://www.sage.wisc.edu/atlas/). Resolution is 30 arc minutes. suit. Suitability for agriculture { The fraction of each grid cell that is suitable to be used for agriculture. It is based on the temperature and soil conditions of each grid cell. } Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=635 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 0.36 min 0 max 0.999 sd 0.298 suit.flag. Suitability for agriculture Class=numeric; Type=ordinal; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=6 Freq Value 1129 0 10 1 31 5 39 6 26 6.30102999566398 30 999 ============================================================ SOURCE: assignment by E. Anthon Eff ----------------------------------------------------------- eaid. Ethnographic Atlas ID number, if society is in the EA Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1265 Stat Value nobs 1265 mean 633.745 min 1 max 1267 sd 365.896 lrbid. Binford foragers ID number, if society is in the LRB Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=207; Number of unique values=207 Stat Value nobs 207 mean 190.517 min 1 max 339 sd 89.601 sccsid. Standard Cross Cultural Sample ID number, if society is in the SCCS Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=186; Number of unique values=186 Stat Value nobs 186 mean 93.5 min 1 max 186 sd 53.838 wnaiid. Western North American Indian ID number, if society is in the WNAI Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=105; Number of unique values=105 Stat Value nobs 105 mean 81.105 min 2 max 172 sd 48.416 xcid. XC ID number, if society is in the XC Class=numeric; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=371; Number of unique values=371 Stat Value nobs 371 mean 186 min 1 max 371 sd 107.243 ============================================================ SOURCE: Murdock, G. P. (1981). Atlas of world cultures. University of Pittsburgh Press ----------------------------------------------------------- awc. Atlas of World Cultures ID number { assignments by Doug White } Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=560; Number of unique values=560 First six non-missing records: society awc Kung A02a Herero A04b Ila A06b Bajun A09c Nyoro A10e Amba A10d ============================================================ SOURCE: Murdock, G. P, and D. R White. 1969. Standard Cross-cultural Sample. Ethnology 8 (4): 329-369. ----------------------------------------------------------- society. Ethnographic Atlas society name Class=character; Type=categorical; Number non-missing=1265; Number of unique values=1265 First six non-missing records: society society.1 Kung Kung Herero Herero Swazi Swazi Ila Ila Pende Pende Bajun Bajun